<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"਀砀洀氀渀猀㨀漀㴀∀甀爀渀㨀猀挀栀攀洀愀猀ⴀ洀椀挀爀漀猀漀昀琀ⴀ挀漀洀㨀漀昀昀椀挀攀㨀漀昀昀椀挀攀∀ 
xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"਀砀洀氀渀猀㨀猀琀㄀㴀∀甀爀渀㨀猀挀栀攀洀愀猀ⴀ洀椀挀爀漀猀漀昀琀ⴀ挀漀洀㨀漀昀昀椀挀攀㨀猀洀愀爀琀琀愀最猀∀ 
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">਀ 
<head>਀㰀洀攀琀愀 栀琀琀瀀ⴀ攀焀甀椀瘀㴀䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀ⴀ吀礀瀀攀 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀栀琀洀氀㬀 挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㴀眀椀渀搀漀眀猀ⴀ㄀㈀㔀㈀∀㸀 
<meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document>਀㰀洀攀琀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀䜀攀渀攀爀愀琀漀爀 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀㴀∀䴀椀挀爀漀猀漀昀琀 圀漀爀搀 ㄀㄀∀㸀 
<meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11">਀㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀䘀椀氀攀ⴀ䰀椀猀琀 
href="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/filelist.xml">਀㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀䔀搀椀琀ⴀ吀椀洀攀ⴀ䐀愀琀愀 
href="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/editdata.mso">਀㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀伀䰀䔀ⴀ伀戀樀攀挀琀ⴀ䐀愀琀愀 
href="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/oledata.mso">਀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 ℀洀猀漀崀㸀 
<style>਀瘀尀㨀⨀ 笀戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀⌀搀攀昀愀甀氀琀⌀嘀䴀䰀⤀㬀紀 
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}਀眀尀㨀⨀ 笀戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀⌀搀攀昀愀甀氀琀⌀嘀䴀䰀⤀㬀紀 
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}਀㰀⼀猀琀礀氀攀㸀 
<![endif]-->਀㰀琀椀琀氀攀㸀 㰀⼀琀椀琀氀攀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀∀⼀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀∀⼀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀∀⼀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀䌀椀琀礀∀ 搀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀甀爀氀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀㔀椀愀洀愀猀ⴀ洀椀挀爀漀猀漀昀琀ⴀ挀漀洀㨀漀昀昀椀挀攀㨀猀洀愀爀琀琀愀最猀∀⼀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀匀琀愀琀攀∀ 搀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀甀爀氀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀㔀椀愀洀愀猀ⴀ洀椀挀爀漀猀漀昀琀ⴀ挀漀洀㨀漀昀昀椀挀攀㨀猀洀愀爀琀琀愀最猀∀⼀㸀 
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"਀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀瀀氀愀挀攀∀ 搀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀甀爀氀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀㔀椀愀渀琀氀愀瘀愀氀愀洀瀀⸀挀漀洀⼀∀⼀㸀 
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀倀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀㸀 
  <o:Subject>IMECS</o:Subject>਀  㰀漀㨀䄀甀琀栀漀爀㸀䤀䄀䔀一䜀㰀⼀漀㨀䄀甀琀栀漀爀㸀 
  <o:Template>Normal</o:Template>਀  㰀漀㨀䰀愀猀琀䄀甀琀栀漀爀㸀吀攀猀琀攀爀㰀⼀漀㨀䰀愀猀琀䄀甀琀栀漀爀㸀 
  <o:Revision>2</o:Revision>਀  㰀漀㨀吀漀琀愀氀吀椀洀攀㸀㈀㈀㈀㐀㰀⼀漀㨀吀漀琀愀氀吀椀洀攀㸀 
  <o:LastPrinted>2008-05-18T11:43:00Z</o:LastPrinted>਀  㰀漀㨀䌀爀攀愀琀攀搀㸀㈀　　㠀ⴀ　㜀ⴀ㄀㄀吀　㐀㨀㄀㄀㨀　　娀㰀⼀漀㨀䌀爀攀愀琀攀搀㸀 
  <o:LastSaved>2008-07-11T04:11:00Z</o:LastSaved>਀  㰀漀㨀倀愀最攀猀㸀㄀㰀⼀漀㨀倀愀最攀猀㸀 
  <o:Words>7586</o:Words>਀  㰀漀㨀䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀㸀㐀㌀㈀㐀㄀㰀⼀漀㨀䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀㸀 
  <o:Company>IEEE</o:Company>਀  㰀漀㨀䰀椀渀攀猀㸀㌀㘀　㰀⼀漀㨀䰀椀渀攀猀㸀 
  <o:Paragraphs>101</o:Paragraphs>਀  㰀漀㨀䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀圀椀琀栀匀瀀愀挀攀猀㸀㔀　㜀㈀㘀㰀⼀漀㨀䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀圀椀琀栀匀瀀愀挀攀猀㸀 
  <o:Version>11.5606</o:Version>਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀倀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀眀㨀圀漀爀搀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀㸀 
  <w:DoNotHyphenateCaps/>਀  㰀眀㨀倀甀渀挀琀甀愀琀椀漀渀䬀攀爀渀椀渀最⼀㸀 
  <w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing>10.45 pt</w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing>਀  㰀眀㨀䐀爀愀眀椀渀最䜀爀椀搀嘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀匀瀀愀挀椀渀最㸀㘀 瀀琀㰀⼀眀㨀䐀爀愀眀椀渀最䜀爀椀搀嘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀匀瀀愀挀椀渀最㸀 
  <w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>਀  㰀眀㨀䐀椀猀瀀氀愀礀嘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀䐀爀愀眀椀渀最䜀爀椀搀䔀瘀攀爀礀㸀㌀㰀⼀眀㨀䐀椀猀瀀氀愀礀嘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀䐀爀愀眀椀渀最䜀爀椀搀䔀瘀攀爀礀㸀 
  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>਀  㰀眀㨀匀愀瘀攀䤀昀堀䴀䰀䤀渀瘀愀氀椀搀㸀昀愀氀猀攀㰀⼀眀㨀匀愀瘀攀䤀昀堀䴀䰀䤀渀瘀愀氀椀搀㸀 
  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>਀  㰀眀㨀䄀氀眀愀礀猀匀栀漀眀倀氀愀挀攀栀漀氀搀攀爀吀攀砀琀㸀昀愀氀猀攀㰀⼀眀㨀䄀氀眀愀礀猀匀栀漀眀倀氀愀挀攀栀漀氀搀攀爀吀攀砀琀㸀 
  <w:Compatibility>਀   㰀眀㨀䰀椀渀攀圀爀愀瀀䰀椀欀攀圀漀爀搀㘀⼀㸀 
   <w:PrintColBlack/>਀   㰀眀㨀唀猀攀倀爀椀渀琀攀爀䴀攀琀爀椀挀猀⼀㸀 
   <w:FootnoteLayoutLikeWW8/>਀   㰀眀㨀匀栀愀瀀攀䰀愀礀漀甀琀䰀椀欀攀圀圀㠀⼀㸀 
   <w:AlignTablesRowByRow/>਀   㰀眀㨀䘀漀爀最攀琀䰀愀猀琀吀愀戀䄀氀椀最渀洀攀渀琀⼀㸀 
   <w:NoSpaceRaiseLower/>਀   㰀眀㨀䰀愀礀漀甀琀刀愀眀吀愀戀氀攀圀椀搀琀栀⼀㸀 
   <w:LayoutTableRowsApart/>਀   㰀眀㨀唀猀攀圀漀爀搀㤀㜀䰀椀渀攀䈀爀攀愀欀椀渀最刀甀氀攀猀⼀㸀 
   <w:SelectEntireFieldWithStartOrEnd/>਀   㰀眀㨀唀猀攀圀漀爀搀㈀　　㈀吀愀戀氀攀匀琀礀氀攀刀甀氀攀猀⼀㸀 
   <w:UseFELayout/>਀  㰀⼀眀㨀䌀漀洀瀀愀琀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀㸀 
  <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>਀ 㰀⼀眀㨀圀漀爀搀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀眀㨀䰀愀琀攀渀琀匀琀礀氀攀猀 䐀攀昀䰀漀挀欀攀搀匀琀愀琀攀㴀∀昀愀氀猀攀∀ 䰀愀琀攀渀琀匀琀礀氀攀䌀漀甀渀琀㴀∀㄀㔀㘀∀㸀 
 </w:LatentStyles>਀㰀⼀砀洀氀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 ℀洀猀漀崀㸀㰀漀戀樀攀挀琀 
 classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object>਀㰀猀琀礀氀攀㸀 
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }਀㰀⼀猀琀礀氀攀㸀 
<![endif]-->਀㰀猀琀礀氀攀㸀 
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	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ愀氀琀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀 
	mso-font-charset:134;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ最攀渀攀爀椀挀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀愀甀琀漀㬀 
	mso-font-pitch:variable;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀最渀愀琀甀爀攀㨀㌀ ㄀㌀㔀㄀㌀㔀㈀㌀㈀ ㄀㘀 　 ㈀㘀㈀㄀㐀㔀 　㬀紀 
@font-face਀ऀ笀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	panose-1:2 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ愀氀琀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-font-charset:136;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ最攀渀攀爀椀挀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀爀漀洀愀渀㬀 
	mso-font-pitch:variable;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀最渀愀琀甀爀攀㨀㌀ ㄀㌀㜀㈀㌀㈀㌀㠀㐀 ㈀㈀ 　 ㄀　㐀㠀㔀㜀㜀 　㬀紀 
@font-face਀ऀ笀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	panose-1:2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3 4;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㨀　㬀 
	mso-generic-font-family:roman;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀漀琀栀攀爀㬀 
	mso-font-pitch:auto;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀最渀愀琀甀爀攀㨀　 　 　 　 　 　㬀紀 
@font-face਀ऀ笀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀尀䀀匀椀洀匀甀渀∀㬀 
	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ挀栀愀爀猀攀琀㨀㄀㌀㐀㬀 
	mso-generic-font-family:auto;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ瀀椀琀挀栀㨀瘀愀爀椀愀戀氀攀㬀 
	mso-font-signature:3 135135232 16 0 262145 0;}਀䀀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀挀攀 
	{font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ瀀愀渀漀猀攀ⴀ㄀㨀㈀ ㈀ ㌀ 　 　 　 　 　 　 　㬀 
	mso-font-charset:136;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ最攀渀攀爀椀挀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀爀漀洀愀渀㬀 
	mso-font-pitch:variable;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀最渀愀琀甀爀攀㨀㌀ ㄀㌀㜀㈀㌀㈀㌀㠀㐀 ㈀㈀ 　 ㄀　㐀㠀㔀㜀㜀 　㬀紀 
@font-face਀ऀ笀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀䴀匀 匀愀渀猀 匀攀爀椀昀∀㬀 
	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ愀氀琀㨀∀尀㠀㌀䔀䘀尀㔀䔀䈀㜀尀㔀䄀　㌀尀㔀䄀　㌀尀㤀䄀䐀㐀尀⠀倀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-font-charset:136;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ最攀渀攀爀椀挀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀愀甀琀漀㬀 
	mso-font-format:other;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ瀀椀琀挀栀㨀愀甀琀漀㬀 
	mso-font-signature:1 134742016 16 0 1048576 0;}਀䀀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀挀攀 
	{font-family:"\@MS Sans Serif";਀ऀ瀀愀渀漀猀攀ⴀ㄀㨀　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　㬀 
	mso-font-charset:136;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ最攀渀攀爀椀挀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀愀甀琀漀㬀 
	mso-font-format:other;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ瀀椀琀挀栀㨀愀甀琀漀㬀 
	mso-font-signature:1 134742016 16 0 1048576 0;}਀ ⼀⨀ 匀琀礀氀攀 䐀攀昀椀渀椀琀椀漀渀猀 ⨀⼀ 
 p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	mso-style-parent:"";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
h1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:22.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:4.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	page-break-after:avoid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㄀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ琀爀愀渀猀昀漀爀洀㨀甀瀀瀀攀爀挀愀猀攀㬀 
	mso-font-kerning:0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;}਀栀㈀ 
	{mso-style-name:"Heading 2\,Heading 2 ISSS";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 ㄀∀㬀 
	mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	page-break-after:avoid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㈀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀椀琀愀氀椀挀㬀紀 
h3਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 ㌀尀Ⰰ䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 ㌀ 䤀匀匀匀∀㬀 
	mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ瀀愀最攀ⴀ戀爀攀愀欀ⴀ愀昀琀攀爀㨀愀瘀漀椀搀㬀 
	mso-outline-level:3;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-weight:normal;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀椀琀愀氀椀挀㬀紀 
h4਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:3.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㔀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	page-break-after:avoid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㐀㬀 
	mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:9.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀㬀 
	font-style:italic;}਀栀㔀 
	{mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㌀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:93.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㔀㬀 
	mso-list:l0 level5 lfo1;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:9.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀㬀紀 
h6਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:3.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㈀㤀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	mso-outline-level:6;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀氀　 氀攀瘀攀氀㘀 氀昀漀㄀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-weight:normal;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀椀琀愀氀椀挀㬀紀 
p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:3.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㘀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	mso-outline-level:7;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀氀　 氀攀瘀攀氀㜀 氀昀漀㄀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀瀀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㠀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㠀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㠀 
	{mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㌀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:201.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㠀㬀 
	mso-list:l0 level8 lfo1;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:8.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-style:italic;}਀瀀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㤀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㤀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最㤀 
	{mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㌀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:237.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㤀㬀 
	mso-list:l0 level9 lfo1;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:8.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀漀猀栀漀眀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	margin:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:justify;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㨀椀渀琀攀爀ⴀ椀搀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀㬀 
	text-indent:10.1pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀瀀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀攀爀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀攀爀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䴀猀漀䠀攀愀搀攀爀 
	{mso-style-name:"Header\,Header old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	tab-stops:center 216.0pt right 432.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀瀀⸀䴀猀漀䘀漀漀琀攀爀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䴀猀漀䘀漀漀琀攀爀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䴀猀漀䘀漀漀琀攀爀 
	{mso-style-name:"Footer\,Footer old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	tab-stops:center 216.0pt right 432.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀猀瀀愀渀⸀䴀猀漀䘀漀漀琀渀漀琀攀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 
	{mso-style-noshow:yes;਀ऀ瘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀猀甀瀀攀爀㬀紀 
p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀㨀昀爀愀洀攀㬀 
	mso-element-frame-width:468.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ昀爀愀洀攀ⴀ栀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㤀⸀㌀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-element-frame-vspace:9.35pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ眀爀愀瀀㨀渀漀ⴀ眀爀愀瀀ⴀ戀攀猀椀搀攀㬀 
	mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ愀渀挀栀漀爀ⴀ栀漀爀椀稀漀渀琀愀氀㨀瀀愀最攀㬀 
	mso-element-left:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀⸀　㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-height-rule:exactly;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㈀㐀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	mso-style-link:"Body Text Char\,Body Text old Char";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀 
	text-justify:inter-ideograph;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
p.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent਀ऀ笀洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:31.5pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-31.5pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀愀㨀氀椀渀欀Ⰰ 猀瀀愀渀⸀䴀猀漀䠀礀瀀攀爀氀椀渀欀 
	{color:blue;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ搀攀挀漀爀愀琀椀漀渀㨀甀渀搀攀爀氀椀渀攀㬀 
	text-underline:single;}਀愀㨀瘀椀猀椀琀攀搀Ⰰ 猀瀀愀渀⸀䴀猀漀䠀礀瀀攀爀氀椀渀欀䘀漀氀氀漀眀攀搀 
	{color:purple;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ搀攀挀漀爀愀琀椀漀渀㨀甀渀搀攀爀氀椀渀攀㬀 
	text-underline:single;}਀瀀⸀䄀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䄀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䄀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀 
	{mso-style-name:Abstract;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:1.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀㬀 
	text-indent:10.1pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;}਀瀀⸀䄀甀琀栀漀爀猀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䄀甀琀栀漀爀猀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䄀甀琀栀漀爀猀 
	{mso-style-name:Authors;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀一漀爀洀愀氀尀Ⰰ一漀爀洀愀氀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:16.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀㨀昀爀愀洀攀㬀 
	mso-element-frame-width:16.0cm;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ昀爀愀洀攀ⴀ栀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㤀⸀㌀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-element-frame-vspace:9.35pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ眀爀愀瀀㨀渀漀ⴀ眀爀愀瀀ⴀ戀攀猀椀搀攀㬀 
	mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ愀渀挀栀漀爀ⴀ栀漀爀椀稀漀渀琀愀氀㨀瀀愀最攀㬀 
	mso-element-left:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀⸀　㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-height-rule:exactly;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㄀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀猀瀀愀渀⸀䴀攀洀戀攀爀吀礀瀀攀 
	{mso-style-name:MemberType;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㄀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀椀琀愀氀椀挀㬀紀 
p.References, li.References, div.References਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀 
	text-justify:inter-ideograph;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀氀㄀㄀ 氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㄀㈀㬀 
	tab-stops:list 18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:8.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
p.IndexTerms, li.IndexTerms, div.IndexTerms਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀䤀渀搀攀砀吀攀爀洀猀㬀 
	mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀 
	text-justify:inter-ideograph;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㄀　⸀㄀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:9.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;}਀瀀⸀吀攀砀琀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀吀攀砀琀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀吀攀砀琀 
	{mso-style-name:Text;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	mso-style-link:"Text Char";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:justify;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㨀椀渀琀攀爀ⴀ椀搀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀㬀 
	line-height:105%;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
p.FigureCaption, li.FigureCaption, div.FigureCaption਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䘀椀最甀爀攀 䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀∀㬀 
	mso-style-link:"Figure Caption Char";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀戀漀氀搀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;}਀瀀⸀吀愀戀氀攀吀椀琀氀攀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀吀愀戀氀攀吀椀琀氀攀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀吀愀戀氀攀吀椀琀氀攀 
	{mso-style-name:"Table Title";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:8.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀㨀猀洀愀氀氀ⴀ挀愀瀀猀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}਀瀀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀䠀攀愀搀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀䠀攀愀搀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀䠀攀愀搀 
	{mso-style-name:"Reference Head";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 ㄀∀㬀 
	margin-top:22.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:4.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	page-break-after:avoid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㄀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:"Times New Roman";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	text-transform:uppercase;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀㬀紀 
p.Equation, li.Equation, div.Equation਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀㬀 
	mso-style-next:"Normal\,Normal old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀 
	text-justify:inter-ideograph;਀ऀ氀椀渀攀ⴀ栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀　㔀─㬀 
	mso-pagination:none;਀ऀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀猀㨀爀椀最栀琀 ㈀㔀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀紀 
span.TextChar਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀吀攀砀琀 䌀栀愀爀∀㬀 
	mso-style-locked:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ氀椀渀欀㨀吀攀砀琀㬀 
	mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䄀刀ⴀ匀䄀㬀紀 
span.FigureCaptionChar਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䘀椀最甀爀攀 䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀 䌀栀愀爀∀㬀 
	mso-style-locked:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ氀椀渀欀㨀∀䘀椀最甀爀攀 䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀∀㬀 
	mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-US;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀戀漀氀搀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;}਀瀀⸀瀀愀瀀攀爀琀椀琀氀攀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀瀀愀瀀攀爀琀椀琀氀攀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀瀀愀瀀攀爀琀椀琀氀攀 
	{mso-style-name:papertitle;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 ㄀∀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	page-break-after:avoid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ漀甀琀氀椀渀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀㨀㄀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀㨀猀洀愀氀氀ⴀ挀愀瀀猀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀戀漀氀搀㬀紀 
p.author, li.author, div.author਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀愀甀琀栀漀爀㬀 
	margin:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;}਀瀀⸀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀 
	{mso-style-name:address;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀紀 
p.Referenceold, li.Referenceold, div.Referenceold਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:2.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㠀⸀㌀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㈀㠀⸀㌀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}਀瀀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀漀氀搀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀漀氀搀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀漀氀搀 
	{mso-style-name:"Bulletindent old";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:8.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:justify;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㨀椀渀琀攀爀ⴀ椀搀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	mso-list:l2 level1 lfo24;਀ऀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀猀㨀氀椀猀琀 ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀紀 
p.Keywordsold, li.Keywordsold, div.Keywordsold਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:justify;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㨀椀渀琀攀爀ⴀ椀搀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}਀瀀⸀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀漀氀搀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀漀氀搀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀漀氀搀 
	{mso-style-name:"figuretitle old";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	mso-style-next:"Body Text\,Body Text old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ眀攀椀最栀琀㨀戀漀氀搀㬀紀 
p.Tabletitle0, li.Tabletitle0, div.Tabletitle0਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀吀愀戀氀攀琀椀琀氀攀㬀 
	mso-style-parent:"figuretitle old";਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;}਀瀀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀 
	{mso-style-name:Bulletindent;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:8.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-align:justify;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㨀椀渀琀攀爀ⴀ椀搀攀漀最爀愀瀀栀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	tab-stops:list 18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}਀瀀⸀䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀 
	{mso-style-name:Keywords;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀樀甀猀琀椀昀礀㬀 
	text-justify:inter-ideograph;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀紀 
p.figuretitle, li.figuretitle, div.figuretitle਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㬀 
	mso-style-parent:"Body Text\,Body Text old";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀攀砀琀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	margin-top:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-align:center;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀 
	font-weight:bold;}਀瀀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 氀椀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 搀椀瘀⸀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 
	{mso-style-name:Reference;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin-right:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:28.3pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀⸀　　　㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-28.3pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	text-autospace:none;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀紀 
p.StyleaddressAfter24line, li.StyleaddressAfter24line, div.StyleaddressAfter24line਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀匀琀礀氀攀 愀搀搀爀攀猀猀 ⬀ 䄀昀琀攀爀尀㨀  ㈀尀⸀㐀 氀椀渀攀∀㬀 
	mso-style-parent:address;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀㬀 
	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀甀琀漀猀瀀愀挀攀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Times;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-bidi-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㬀紀 
span.BodyTextChar਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 䌀栀愀爀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀 䌀栀愀爀∀㬀 
	mso-style-locked:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ氀椀渀欀㨀∀䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀尀Ⰰ䈀漀搀礀 吀攀砀琀 漀氀搀∀㬀 
	mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
	mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㬀 
	mso-fareast-language:EN-US;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䄀刀ⴀ匀䄀㬀紀 
 /* Page Definitions */਀ 䀀瀀愀最攀 
	{mso-footnote-separator:url("ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/header.htm") fs;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀漀琀渀漀琀攀ⴀ挀漀渀琀椀渀甀愀琀椀漀渀ⴀ猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀漀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀栀攀愀搀攀爀⸀栀琀洀∀⤀ 昀挀猀㬀 
	mso-endnote-separator:url("ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/header.htm") es;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀渀搀渀漀琀攀ⴀ挀漀渀琀椀渀甀愀琀椀漀渀ⴀ猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀漀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀栀攀愀搀攀爀⸀栀琀洀∀⤀ 攀挀猀㬀紀 
@page Section1਀ऀ笀猀椀稀攀㨀㈀㄀⸀　挀洀 㠀㐀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin:72.0pt 89.85pt 72.0pt 89.85pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ栀攀愀搀攀爀ⴀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀㈀㄀⸀㔀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-footer-margin:21.55pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ琀椀琀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀最攀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-even-header:url("ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/header.htm") eh1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ栀攀愀搀攀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀栀攀愀搀攀爀⸀栀琀洀∀⤀ 栀㄀㬀 
	mso-footer:url("ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/header.htm") f1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀瀀攀爀ⴀ猀漀甀爀挀攀㨀　㬀紀 
div.Section1਀ऀ笀瀀愀最攀㨀匀攀挀琀椀漀渀㄀㬀紀 
@page Section2਀ऀ笀猀椀稀攀㨀㈀㄀⸀　挀洀 㠀㐀㈀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	margin:50.45pt 46.8pt 50.45pt 46.8pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ栀攀愀搀攀爀ⴀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀㈀㄀⸀㔀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-footer-margin:21.55pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ攀瘀攀渀ⴀ栀攀愀搀攀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀栀攀愀搀攀爀⸀栀琀洀∀⤀ 攀栀㄀㬀 
	mso-header:url("ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/header.htm") h1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀漀琀攀爀㨀甀爀氀⠀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀栀攀愀搀攀爀⸀栀琀洀∀⤀ 昀㄀㬀 
	mso-paper-source:0;}਀搀椀瘀⸀匀攀挀琀椀漀渀㈀ 
	{page:Section2;}਀ ⼀⨀ 䰀椀猀琀 䐀攀昀椀渀椀琀椀漀渀猀 ⨀⼀ 
 @list l0਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀ⴀ㔀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:772298564;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀　㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-upper;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l0:level2਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ甀瀀瀀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀　㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㌀ 
	{mso-level-text:"%3\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l0:level4਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-style-link:"Heading 4";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀─㐀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㔀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀　㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㔀 
	{mso-level-style-link:"Heading 5";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㔀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㤀㌀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀　㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㘀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ氀椀渀欀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 㘀∀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%6\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:129.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l0:level7਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀爀漀洀愀渀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-style-link:"Heading 7";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㜀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㘀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀　㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㠀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ氀椀渀欀㨀∀䠀攀愀搀椀渀最 㠀∀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%8\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:201.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l0:level9਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀爀漀洀愀渀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-style-link:"Heading 9";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㤀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㌀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀ 
	{mso-list-id:1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:0;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:bullet;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀尀䘀　䈀㜀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Symbol;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀紀 
@list l2਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㈀㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀　㬀紀 
@list l2:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀戀甀氀氀攀琀㬀 
	mso-level-style-link:"Bulletindent old";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀尀䘀　䈀㜀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	font-family:Symbol;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀紀 
@list l3਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㐀㐀㈀㤀㄀㤀㠀　㄀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:772298564;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-upper;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l3:level2਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ甀瀀瀀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㌀ 
	{mso-level-text:"%3\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l3:level4਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"%4\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:57.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l3:level5਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㔀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㤀㌀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㘀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㘀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㈀㤀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㜀 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㜀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㘀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㠀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㠀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀　㄀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㤀 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㤀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㌀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㐀 
	{mso-list-id:453713254;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:200056752;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㐀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㐀⸀㐀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㔀 
	{mso-list-id:598298275;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㜀㜀㈀㈀㤀㠀㔀㘀㐀㬀紀 
@list l5:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀爀漀洀愀渀ⴀ甀瀀瀀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㔀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㈀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-upper;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l5:level3਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀─㌀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㔀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㐀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀─㐀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㔀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㔀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㔀 
	{mso-level-text:"\(%5\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:93.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l5:level6਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%6\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:129.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l5:level7਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀爀漀洀愀渀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%7\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:165.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l5:level8਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%8\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:201.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l5:level9਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀爀漀洀愀渀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"\(%9\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:237.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l6਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㘀㈀㈀㈀㜀㐀㌀㠀　㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀　㔀㬀紀 
@list l6:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀─㄀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l7਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㘀㤀㌀㔀㠀㈀㜀㈀㘀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:772298564;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-upper;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l7:level2਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ甀瀀瀀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㌀ 
	{mso-level-text:"%3\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:7.2pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀㜀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	margin-left:0cm;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l7:level4਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀愀氀瀀栀愀ⴀ氀漀眀攀爀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"%4\)";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:57.6pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l7:level5਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㔀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㤀㌀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㘀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㘀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㈀㤀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㜀 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㜀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㘀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㠀 
	{mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㠀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀　㄀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㤀 
	{mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀⠀─㤀尀⤀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㌀㘀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㌀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-36.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㠀 
	{mso-list-id:757288331;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:67698703;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㠀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l9਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㜀㤀㜀㘀㐀㜀㠀㘀㐀㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㌀㄀㔀㔀㔀㄀㄀㈀㠀㬀紀 
@list l9:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l10਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㤀㠀㄀㜀㌀㔀㘀㔀㄀㬀 
	mso-list-type:hybrid;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀ⴀ㄀㌀㘀㐀㤀㔀㠀㈀㠀㐀 ㄀㄀㔀　㠀㘀㘀㠀　㘀 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㌀ 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㔀 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀　㌀ 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㌀ 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㔀 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀　㌀ 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㌀ 㘀㜀㘀㤀㠀㜀㄀㔀㬀紀 
@list l10:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㈀㠀⸀㄀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㠀⸀㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㄀ 
	{mso-list-id:981957988;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:1571224598;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㄀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-style-link:References;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀嬀─㄀尀崀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l12਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㤀㠀㐀㌀㔀㠀㄀㐀　㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㤀㠀㈀㐀㌀㐀㐀㐀㘀㬀紀 
@list l12:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀尀嬀─㄀尀崀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l13਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㄀㄀㤀㐀㔀㌀㘀㠀㘀㌀㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㄀㈀㄀㜀㌀㄀㘀㠀㤀　㬀紀 
@list l13:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l14਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㄀㈀㤀㈀㔀㠀㤀㔀㄀㤀㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㄀㈀㐀㔀㠀㐀㠀㐀㠀㘀㬀紀 
@list l14:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l15਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㄀㐀㌀㈀㔀㔀㌀㈀㜀　㬀 
	mso-list-type:simple;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀攀洀瀀氀愀琀攀ⴀ椀搀猀㨀㈀　　　㔀㘀㜀㔀㈀㬀紀 
@list l15:level1਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ昀漀爀洀愀琀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-text:"";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:0cm;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:14.4pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀紀 
@list l16਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ椀搀㨀㄀㐀㘀㐀㔀㐀㌀㔀　㄀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:67698717;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-text:%1;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-21.25pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㈀ 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㐀㤀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㐀㤀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-1.0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㌀ 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㜀　⸀㤀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㜀　⸀㤀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-1.0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㐀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㤀㤀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㤀㤀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-35.4pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㔀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4\.%5";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㄀㈀㜀⸀㔀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㈀㜀⸀㔀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-42.5pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㘀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4\.%5\.%6";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㄀㘀㌀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㘀㌀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-2.0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㜀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4\.%5\.%6\.%7";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㄀㤀㄀⸀㌀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㤀㄀⸀㌀㔀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-63.8pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㠀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4\.%5\.%6\.%7\.%8";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㈀㄀㤀⸀㜀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㄀㤀⸀㜀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-70.9pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㘀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㤀 
	{mso-level-text:"%1\.%2\.%3\.%4\.%5\.%6\.%7\.%8\.%9";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㈀㔀㔀⸀㄀瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㔀㔀⸀㄀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-85.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㜀 
	{mso-list-id:1841506619;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:982434446;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㜀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-text:"\[%1\]";਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㠀 
	{mso-list-id:2011370985;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀猀椀洀瀀氀攀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:200056752;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㠀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-number-format:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀攀砀琀㨀∀∀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㐀⸀㐀瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:0cm;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㤀 
	{mso-list-id:2115443840;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀ⴀ琀礀瀀攀㨀栀礀戀爀椀搀㬀 
	mso-list-template-ids:-1040427114 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㤀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 
	{mso-level-tab-stop:36.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㤀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㌀ 
	{mso-level-numbering:continue;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l9:level1 lfo4਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀椀渀最㨀挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㤀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㔀 
	{mso-level-numbering:continue;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l13:level1 lfo7਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀椀渀最㨀挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㠀 
	{mso-level-numbering:continue;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l13:level1 lfo9਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀椀渀最㨀挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀䀀氀椀猀琀 氀㄀㌀㨀氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㄀　 
	{mso-level-numbering:continue;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀㨀渀漀渀攀㬀 
	mso-level-number-position:left;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀㨀礀攀猀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-indent:18.0pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	margin-left:18.0pt;਀ऀ琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀紀 
@list l13:level1 lfo11਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀椀渀最㨀挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀㬀 
	mso-level-tab-stop:none;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ渀甀洀戀攀爀ⴀ瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀氀攀昀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀ⴀ氀攀最愀挀礀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	mso-level-legacy-space:0cm;਀ऀ洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
	text-indent:-18.0pt;}਀漀氀 
	{margin-bottom:0cm;}਀甀氀 
	{margin-bottom:0cm;}਀ⴀⴀ㸀 
</style>਀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 洀猀漀 ㄀　崀㸀 
<style>਀ ⼀⨀ 匀琀礀氀攀 䐀攀昀椀渀椀琀椀漀渀猀 ⨀⼀ 
 table.MsoNormalTable਀ऀ笀洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ渀愀洀攀㨀∀吀愀戀氀攀 一漀爀洀愀氀∀㬀 
	mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ琀猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ挀漀氀戀愀渀搀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀　㬀 
	mso-style-noshow:yes;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀ⴀ瀀愀爀攀渀琀㨀∀∀㬀 
	mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀爀愀ⴀ洀愀爀最椀渀㨀　挀洀㬀 
	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ瀀愀最椀渀愀琀椀漀渀㨀眀椀搀漀眀ⴀ漀爀瀀栀愀渀㬀 
	font-size:10.0pt;਀ऀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
	mso-ansi-language:#0400;਀ऀ洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀⌀　㐀　　㬀 
	mso-bidi-language:#0400;}਀㰀⼀猀琀礀氀攀㸀 
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀搀攀昀愀甀氀琀猀 瘀㨀攀砀琀㴀∀攀搀椀琀∀ 猀瀀椀搀洀愀砀㴀∀㈀　㔀　∀⼀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀氀愀礀漀甀琀 瘀㨀攀砀琀㴀∀攀搀椀琀∀㸀 
  <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀氀愀礀漀甀琀㸀㰀⼀砀洀氀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀 
</head>਀ 
<body lang=ZH-TW link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:10.1pt;text-justify-trim:਀瀀甀渀挀琀甀愀琀椀漀渀✀㸀 
਀㰀搀椀瘀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀匀攀挀琀椀漀渀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀瀀愀瀀攀爀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀 ℀椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀㬀 
text-transform:uppercase'>A Methodology for the Integration of <br>਀䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀 愀渀搀 䴀漀搀攀爀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 吀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";font-variant:normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><br>਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀 ℀椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀㬀琀攀砀琀ⴀ琀爀愀渀猀昀漀爀洀㨀 
uppercase'>--the portal for the 2000yrs old Taichi Yin-Yang System Theory</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀 ℀椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀㬀 
text-transform:uppercase;mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=author><span lang=EN-GB><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>Yan਀䠀唀䄀一䜀 ⠀吀漀洀愀猀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀匀琀礀氀攀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀䄀昀琀攀爀㈀㐀氀椀渀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀 䈀愀氀愀渀挀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 
Institute, <st1:place w:st="on">Hong Kong</st1:place>.<br>਀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀洀愀椀氀琀漀㨀䔀搀甀䀀䔀䌀ⴀ䈀愀氀愀渀挀攀⸀挀漀洀∀㸀䔀搀甀䀀䔀䌀ⴀ䈀愀氀愀渀挀攀⸀挀漀洀㰀⼀愀㸀 㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span></span></p>਀ 
<p class=author><span lang=EN-GB>Dr Vasos PAVLIKA</span><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀匀琀礀氀攀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀䄀昀琀攀爀㈀㐀氀椀渀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䐀攀瀀愀爀琀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 
&amp; Software Systems, <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">School</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName਀眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ㰀戀爀㸀 
The <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName਀眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀圀攀猀琀洀椀渀猀琀攀爀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 
 w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</span><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀匀琀礀氀攀愀搀搀爀攀猀猀䄀昀琀攀爀㈀㐀氀椀渀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀愀 
href="mailto:V.L.Pavlika@westminster.ac.uk">V.L.Pavlika@westminster.ac.uk</a></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䄀䈀匀吀刀䄀䌀吀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀愀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀漀漀琀渀漀琀攀ⴀ椀搀㨀昀琀渀㄀✀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀开昀琀渀㄀∀ 
name="_ftnref1" title=""><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:਀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:਀猀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ猀礀洀戀漀氀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>System and control theories actually started thousands of years ago਀椀渀 洀愀渀礀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 挀甀氀琀甀爀攀猀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 挀甀氀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀猀攀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀攀搀 
in many well-known classics including the I Ching book of changes, Tao De Ching਀漀昀 䰀愀漀ⴀ吀猀甀✀猀 吀漀愀椀猀洀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 吀攀渀 圀椀渀最猀 漀昀 䌀漀渀昀甀挀椀甀猀✀猀 愀渀渀漀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀 䤀 䌀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 吀愀椀挀栀椀 
classic of Taichi exercise, the Noble Eightfold Path meditation technique of਀䈀甀搀搀栀愀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 夀攀氀氀漀眀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀✀猀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䌀氀愀猀猀椀挀 漀昀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 
and more. These classics guided the development of culture until the end of the਀儀椀渀最 搀礀渀愀猀琀礀 眀栀攀爀攀 洀愀渀礀 眀愀爀猀 眀攀爀攀 昀漀甀最栀琀 愀渀搀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀 眀攀爀攀 挀漀渀昀甀猀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 
sudden influence of western culture. Even the practitioners of Toaism,਀䌀漀渀昀甀挀椀甀猀Ⰰ 吀愀椀挀栀椀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀Ⰰ 洀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 
question the truthfulness of these ancient theories. And they tried to adopt਀洀漀搀攀爀渀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 琀漀 爀攀瀀氀愀挀攀 琀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 漀渀攀猀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䤀渀 琀栀攀 氀愀猀琀 昀攀眀 搀攀挀愀搀攀猀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
believers of the classics tried to illustrate these theories in terms of modern਀猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 戀攀氀椀攀瘀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 欀攀礀 攀猀猀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 
the link between the ancient and the modern theories are not clearly defined਀愀渀搀 椀氀氀甀猀琀爀愀琀攀搀⸀ 圀椀琀栀漀甀琀 猀甀挀栀 愀 氀椀渀欀Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 椀洀瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 昀漀爀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀猀琀 琀漀 
get the benefit of these ancient practical theories. A gateway or platform for਀琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀椀漀渀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 
theories is urgently required. The integration of all theories in all areas, the਀猀攀愀爀挀栀 昀漀爀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀吀栀攀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 漀昀 䔀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 椀猀 琀栀攀 栀漀瀀攀 漀昀 洀愀渀礀 氀攀愀搀椀渀最 
scientists in different areas of research. It is believed that the essence of਀琀栀攀猀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀 椀渀猀椀最栀琀猀 愀渀搀 渀攀眀 椀渀猀瀀椀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀 
for the search of Unity of the universe.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>Our research has been concentrated on the਀猀攀愀爀挀栀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 洀椀猀猀椀渀最 氀椀渀欀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀甀氀琀 漀昀 漀甀爀 
research in developing an integrated representation of these ancient theories਀椀渀 琀攀爀洀猀 漀昀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 
chart has been developed for representing the state of the Taichi Yin-Yang਀猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 吀栀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀攀搀 愀渀搀 愀 洀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀 
has been developed for the integration of these ancient theories with modern scientific਀琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 洀攀琀栀漀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀搀漀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>logy enables the practical application of these ancient system and਀挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 琀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 椀渀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 愀爀攀愀猀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀Ⰰ 椀渀挀氀甀搀椀渀最 愀爀攀愀猀 椀渀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀Ⰰ 
social and biological sciences. </span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>We hope that modern professional਀攀渀最椀渀攀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 猀挀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀椀攀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>ntis</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>ts</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀 挀愀渀 戀攀 琀栀攀 眀椀琀渀攀猀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 愀渀搀 氀漀最椀挀愀氀 昀漀甀渀搀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 
these ancient system and control theories. They are hard science instead of਀樀甀猀琀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀 瀀栀椀氀漀猀漀瀀栀椀攀猀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀㸀㰀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀倀漀椀渀琀吀洀瀀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀 
italic'>Keywords: </span><span lang=EN-GB>Ancient and Modern, Control System Theory,਀䐀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䤀渀琀攀最爀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 吀漀眀愀爀搀猀 䜀攀渀攀爀愀氀 吀栀攀漀爀椀攀猀 漀昀 匀礀猀琀攀洀猀Ⰰ 
The Taichi Yin-Yang system, Traditional Chinese Medicine Differential਀䐀椀愀最渀漀猀椀猀ⴀ䌀甀爀攀 瀀爀漀挀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䈀甀搀搀栀愀Ⰰ 䐀栀愀洀洀愀⸀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀漀漀欀洀愀爀欀㨀倀漀椀渀琀吀洀瀀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䤀一吀刀伀䐀唀䌀吀䤀伀一㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀圀攀 栀甀洀愀渀猀 眀愀渀琀 琀漀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀Ⰰ 琀漀 
control systems, in order to fulfill our desires, and eliminate our਀搀椀猀愀瀀瀀漀椀渀琀洀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 猀漀 愀猀 琀漀 愀挀栀椀攀瘀攀 猀琀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀Ⰰ 攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀挀礀Ⰰ 氀漀渀最攀瘀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 最爀漀眀琀栀⸀ 
The development of system theory in the past few decades has opened up a਀挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀氀礀 渀攀眀 猀椀洀瀀氀椀昀椀攀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀攀愀氀 眀漀爀氀搀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>(ISSS, 2007)</span><span lang=EN-US> (<st1:place਀眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䈀漀氀琀漀渀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㈀⤀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 礀攀愀爀猀 漀昀 䤀吀 攀渀最椀渀攀攀爀椀渀最 
study, the modeling of amplifiers simplified the tedious calculation and਀瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀 愀 瘀攀爀礀 攀愀猀礀 眀愀礀 琀漀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀 琀栀漀猀攀 漀琀栀攀爀眀椀猀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀椀挀愀琀攀搀 攀氀攀挀琀爀椀挀愀氀 
circuits. Terminology like Yin-Yang, Good-Evil, Water-Fire in Traditional਀䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 洀愀欀攀 洀甀挀栀 洀漀爀攀 猀攀渀猀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀椀猀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀Ⰰ 琀栀愀渀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 
Western medicine's biochemical and anatomical point of view. In a university਀猀琀甀搀礀 漀昀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 ⠀吀䌀䴀⤀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 漀昀 吀䌀䴀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 洀漀爀攀 愀渀搀 
more logical, but we still could not use modern science to clearly explain the਀琀栀攀漀爀礀 甀渀琀椀氀 ㄀㔀 礀攀愀爀猀 漀昀 猀琀甀搀礀 愀渀搀 瀀爀愀挀琀椀挀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 甀猀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 
Yin-Yang chart allows the transformation of the traditional literal description਀漀昀 琀栀攀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 椀渀琀漀 愀 最爀愀瀀栀椀挀愀氀 愀渀搀 洀愀琀栀攀洀愀琀椀挀愀氀 漀渀攀⸀ 䴀漀爀攀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 爀攀瘀攀愀氀攀搀 
that similarities exist between this model and those modern </span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀瀀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀Ⰰ 
social and biological systems of modern days.</span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀吀栀椀猀 洀漀搀攀氀 椀猀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀攀搀 栀攀爀攀 琀漀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀 
an ancient logical view of the systems in the universe and in the hope that it਀眀椀氀氀 椀渀猀瀀椀爀攀 渀攀眀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 琀漀 戀攀琀琀攀爀 甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀 漀甀爀 眀漀爀氀搀 愀渀搀 漀甀爀猀攀氀瘀攀猀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 
believed in traditional Chinese culture that this model is logical, correct,਀猀椀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀Ⰰ 瀀爀愀挀琀椀挀愀氀 愀渀搀 眀椀搀攀氀礀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀戀氀攀 ⠀甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀愀氀⤀ 琀漀 愀渀礀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 
either new/old, natural/man-made, or physical/abstract.</span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䤀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀 戀攀 愀 眀椀搀攀氀礀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀戀氀攀 
(universal) control theory, we must start from the very top level, our universe਀⠀圀甀 䌀栀椀⤀⸀ 吀愀椀挀栀椀 椀猀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 戀甀琀 椀琀猀 椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 
the environment is essential and hence the input and output of the systems਀愀爀椀猀攀⸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 攀洀瀀栀愀猀椀稀攀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> </span><span lang=EN-US>very਀洀甀挀栀 漀渀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀爀渀愀氀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>a</span><span lang=EN-US> system</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀Ⰰ 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 戀漀琀栀 漀昀 琀栀攀洀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>affects how the output behavior response to input influences. </span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>he classic Water-Fire model (Heating Water system) is used as an਀攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀 琀漀 椀氀氀甀猀琀爀愀琀攀 琀栀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 洀攀愀渀椀渀最猀 漀昀 
different states of a system. The output behavior and input influences are all਀挀氀愀猀猀椀昀椀攀搀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀爀渀愀氀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 
Rules of changes between the components of the system are discussed but it can਀漀渀氀礀 猀攀爀瘀攀 愀猀 愀渀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 戀漀漀欀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 氀愀猀琀 ㈀　　　 礀攀愀爀猀⸀ 䤀渀 
conclusion, the steps on how to apply this theory to other scientific areas are਀氀椀猀琀攀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 昀攀眀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀猀 漀昀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 愀爀攀 猀栀漀眀渀 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀 猀漀挀椀愀氀 愀渀搀 
biological sciences.</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h1><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Wu Chi: The Universe<o:p></o:p></span></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 琀栀攀漀爀礀 椀猀 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 㔀　　　ⴀ礀攀愀爀猀 漀氀搀 愀渀搀 栀攀渀挀攀 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀猀 氀漀琀猀 漀昀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 
terminology which will be explained along the way according to our research and਀甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最⸀ 吀栀攀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 椀猀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:"MS Sans Serif";਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䠀䬀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀☀⌀㈀㌀㐀㌀㄀㬀☀⌀㈀㌀㐀㐀㤀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>&quot; which means all space and਀琀椀洀攀⸀ 匀漀洀攀 猀挀栀漀氀愀爀猀 猀甀爀洀椀猀攀 琀栀愀琀 椀琀 椀猀 瘀攀爀礀 搀椀昀昀椀挀甀氀琀 琀漀 瀀爀攀挀椀猀攀氀礀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀 琀栀攀 
universe because any &quot;word&quot; is just one part of the universe. The਀眀漀爀搀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 樀甀猀琀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 
is <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀☀焀甀漀琀㬀䔀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 ⬀ ☀焀甀漀琀㬀一漀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 
at &quot;all times&quot;.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The਀䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀猀 漀昀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 愀爀攀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀㠀㤀㘀㄀㬀☀⌀㈀㘀㤀㤀㜀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>which is usually interpreted as਀☀焀甀漀琀㬀一漀琀栀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 攀砀琀爀攀洀攀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 戀甀琀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀㠀㤀㘀㄀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> mean a vast and dense forest that one਀挀愀渀渀漀琀 猀攀攀 愀渀礀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU'>(CHU, 2007)</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>.</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>It could also mean &quot;Everything to the਀攀砀琀爀攀洀攀☀焀甀漀琀㬀⸀ 䠀攀渀挀攀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 洀攀愀渀 攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 愀渀搀 渀漀琀栀椀渀最 椀渀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 
in all space and time. Chinese further use ideas similar to modern logic and਀猀攀琀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 椀渀 洀愀琀栀攀洀愀琀椀挀猀 琀漀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀 琀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀⸀ 䤀渀 吀愀漀椀猀洀 䰀愀漀ⴀ琀猀攀 漀昀 㔀㤀　 䈀䌀 
called Wu Chi as Tao and he said the Tao should not be named, because once it਀椀猀 渀愀洀攀搀Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 樀甀猀琀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 愀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀 琀栀椀渀最 愀琀 琀栀愀琀 洀漀洀攀渀琀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 栀攀 昀攀氀琀 
that if he did not name it, others would not know what he was talking about. Hence਀栀攀 爀攀氀甀挀琀愀渀琀氀礀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 椀琀 吀愀漀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀爀椀攀搀 琀漀 甀猀攀 眀漀爀搀猀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 眀漀爀氀搀 琀漀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀 
it. Note that niverse?is a word and hence is a set</span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 猀攀琀 琀栀攀漀爀礀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>, thus there exists &quot;not universe&quot;਀愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 猀攀琀 琀栀攀漀爀礀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 
closest description of the Universe in Chinese culture is:<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=Bulletindentold><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀☀焀甀漀琀㬀吀栀攀 吀愀漀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀渀 戀攀 攀砀瀀氀愀椀渀攀搀 
(in words) is not the true and everlasting Tao. The name that can be named (in਀眀漀爀搀猀⤀ 椀猀 渀漀琀 琀栀攀 琀爀甀攀 愀渀搀 攀瘀攀爀氀愀猀琀椀渀最 渀愀洀攀⸀☀焀甀漀琀㬀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>(Laozi, 590 BC, Ch01) </span></p>਀ 
<p class=Bulletindentold><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀☀焀甀漀琀㬀吀愀漀 愀氀眀愀礀猀 搀漀攀猀 渀漀 愀挀琀椀漀渀 
and does not do no action&quot; (Laozi, 590 BC, Ch37) </span></p>਀ 
<p class=Bulletindentold><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀☀焀甀漀琀㬀䴀攀搀椀琀愀琀攀 愀琀 琀栀攀 瀀氀愀挀攀 漀昀 渀漀琀栀椀渀最 
and everything&quot; 7th level meditation technique (jhana) of Buddha਀⠀䈀甀搀搀栀愀最栀漀猀愀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㔀㘀Ⰰ 瀀㄀㤀㠀⤀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䈀甀氀氀攀琀椀渀搀攀渀琀漀氀搀㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀䰀椀猀琀猀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:਀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀䤀最渀漀爀攀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀㨀㜀⸀　瀀琀 ∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀 
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-GB>&quot;Meditate at the place of not਀琀栀椀渀欀椀渀最 愀渀搀 渀漀琀 渀漀琀 琀栀椀渀欀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 㠀琀栀 氀攀瘀攀氀 洀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀 ⠀樀栀愀渀愀⤀ 漀昀 
Buddha (Buddhaghosa, 1956, p198). </span></p>਀ 
<p class=Bulletindentold><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀伀桛攀礀 愀爀攀 渀攀椀琀栀攀爀 䐀栀愀洀洀愀 渀漀爀 
non-Dhamma.?(Buddha 2500BC Ch7) (Dhamma: the principle or law that orders the਀甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䤀渀 
terms of modern logic, these concepts are compared with the three fundamental਀瀀爀椀渀挀椀瀀氀攀猀 漀昀 䄀爀椀猀琀漀琀攀氀椀愀渀 氀漀最椀挀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䨀漀栀渀猀漀渀 ㄀㤀㤀㠀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> using the format of predicate਀挀愀氀挀甀氀甀猀㨀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㄀⸀ 䤀搀攀渀琀椀琀礀㨀 
</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'>&quot;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀砀 ⠀䄀砀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='font-family:Symbol'>?</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀砀⤀㨀 䄀 椀猀 䄀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㈀⸀ 一漀渀ⴀ挀漀渀琀爀愀搀椀挀琀椀漀渀㨀 
</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'>?<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀␀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>x (Ax </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'>?<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㼀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Ax): A and non-A cannot both be਀琀栀攀 挀愀猀攀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㌀⸀ 䔀椀琀栀攀爀ⴀ漀爀㨀 
</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'>&quot;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀砀 ⠀䄀砀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='font-family:Symbol'> ?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>?<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>Ax): Either A or non-A.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>where਀䄀 椀猀 愀 瀀爀攀搀椀挀愀琀攀Ⰰ 砀 椀猀 愀渀 椀渀搀椀瘀椀搀甀愀氀Ⰰ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀椀猀 琀栀攀 渀攀最愀琀椀漀渀 
(complement), </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 椀猀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀爀猀攀挀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 椀猀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀漀渀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 
second principle states that none of the object of interest (Nothing) can be A </span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> non-A at any one moment. And the third਀瀀爀椀渀挀椀瀀氀攀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 愀氀氀 漀昀 琀栀攀 漀戀樀攀挀琀猀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀 ⠀䔀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最⤀ 椀猀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 䄀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 渀漀渀ⴀ䄀 愀琀 愀渀礀 漀渀攀 洀漀洀攀渀琀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䴀愀琀栀攀洀愀琀椀挀猀 
is a universal common language for human to think and communicate with each਀漀琀栀攀爀⸀ 䤀琀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 挀漀渀猀椀猀琀攀渀琀 愀渀搀 氀漀最椀挀愀氀⸀ 䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 愀戀漀瘀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀攀猀琀 昀甀渀搀愀洀攀渀琀愀氀 
axiom of logic, it seems that a frame of reference, A, is required before਀琀栀漀甀最栀琀猀 愀渀搀 挀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 愀爀攀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀洀攀渀琀 渀漀渀ⴀ䄀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀猀 琀栀攀 
exact opposite of A, exists at the same time once A is identified. As soon as਀琀眀漀 漀戀樀攀挀琀猀 愀爀攀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀攀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀 攀砀椀猀琀猀 愀 爀攀氀愀琀椀漀渀猀栀椀瀀Ⰰ 猀愀礀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀Ⰰ 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀洀⸀ 䄀渀搀 愀氀猀漀 愀琀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 琀椀洀攀 
there exists another relationship, say </span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>, which is the exact opposite of </span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>. And the concept of &quot;something&quot;, &quot;everything&quot;, and਀☀焀甀漀琀㬀渀漀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 昀漀氀氀漀眀猀⸀ 䤀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最氀礀Ⰰ 琀栀攀猀攀 瀀爀漀挀攀猀猀攀猀 漀昀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 
and differentiation are exactly how our universe starts according to the਀琀攀愀挀栀椀渀最 漀昀 䈀甀搀搀栀愀 ㈀㔀　　礀爀猀 愀最漀⸀ 䐀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 栀攀渀挀攀 漀甀爀 猀漀甀爀挀攀 漀昀 
awareness and knowingness, without which we cannot act, speak or even think.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Our਀椀渀琀攀爀瀀爀攀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 椀渀 琀栀攀 氀愀渀最甀愀最攀 漀昀 氀漀最椀挀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀㨀 圀椀琀栀 愀渀礀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 
reference, Wu Chi includes all objects of interest inside, outside, both inside਀愀渀搀 漀甀琀猀椀搀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 渀漀琀 椀渀猀椀搀攀 渀漀爀 漀甀琀猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀愀琀 椀猀Ⰰ 
Everything and Nothing at this moment. Extending these sets of fundamental਀愀砀椀漀洀猀 漀昀 氀漀最椀挀 琀漀 琀栀攀 挀漀渀挀攀瀀琀 漀昀 猀攀琀 琀栀攀漀爀礀Ⰰ 眀攀 眀椀氀氀 栀愀瘀攀 琀栀攀 昀漀氀氀漀眀椀渀最 愀砀椀漀洀猀 
</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'>Al਀䰀攀栀渀攀渀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'> (</span><span lang=EN-US>Johnson, 1998)</span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㨀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀 
l16 level1 lfo28;tab-stops:list 21.25pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀䤀最渀漀爀攀✀㸀㄀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀吀栀攀 匀攀琀 䄀 椀猀 猀攀琀 䄀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀琀攀砀琀ⴀ椀渀搀攀渀琀㨀ⴀ㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀 
l16 level1 lfo28;tab-stops:list 21.25pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ氀椀猀琀㨀䤀最渀漀爀攀✀㸀㈀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀吀栀攀 猀攀琀 渀漀琀 䄀Ⰰ 搀攀渀漀琀攀搀 戀礀 㰀猀甀戀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀琀礀瀀攀 
 id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"਀ 瀀愀琀栀㴀∀洀䀀㐀䀀㔀氀䀀㐀䀀㄀㄀䀀㤀䀀㄀㄀䀀㤀䀀㔀砀攀∀ 昀椀氀氀攀搀㴀∀昀∀ 猀琀爀漀欀攀搀㴀∀昀∀㸀 
 <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>਀ 㰀瘀㨀昀漀爀洀甀氀愀猀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀猀甀洀 䀀　 ㄀ 　∀⼀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀瀀爀漀搀 䀀㈀ ㄀ ㈀∀⼀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀瀀爀漀搀 䀀㌀ ㈀㄀㘀　　 瀀椀砀攀氀䠀攀椀最栀琀∀⼀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀瀀爀漀搀 䀀㘀 ㄀ ㈀∀⼀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀猀甀洀 䀀㠀 ㈀㄀㘀　　 　∀⼀㸀 
  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>਀  㰀瘀㨀昀 攀焀渀㴀∀猀甀洀 䀀㄀　 ㈀㄀㘀　　 　∀⼀㸀 
 </v:formulas>਀ 㰀瘀㨀瀀愀琀栀 漀㨀攀砀琀爀甀猀椀漀渀漀欀㴀∀昀∀ 最爀愀搀椀攀渀琀猀栀愀瀀攀漀欀㴀∀琀∀ 漀㨀挀漀渀渀攀挀琀琀礀瀀攀㴀∀爀攀挀琀∀⼀㸀 
 <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀琀礀瀀攀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㔀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㈀瀀琀㬀 
 height:15.6pt' o:ole="">਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㄀⸀眀洀稀∀ 
  o:title=""/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㘀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㈀㄀ 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image002.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㔀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀⼀猀甀戀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 洀猀漀 㤀崀㸀㰀砀洀氀㸀 
 <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"਀  䐀爀愀眀䄀猀瀀攀挀琀㴀∀䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀∀ 伀戀樀攀挀琀䤀䐀㴀∀开㄀㈀㜀㜀㈀㠀㌀㐀㘀㐀∀㸀 
 </o:OLEObject>਀㰀⼀砀洀氀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀椀猀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀椀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 
the set A</span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.25pt;text-indent:-21.25pt;mso-list:਀氀㄀㘀 氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㈀㠀㬀琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀猀㨀氀椀猀琀 ㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀✀㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀䰀椀猀琀猀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀㨀㜀⸀　瀀琀 ∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀 
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>The set A intersected with <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㘀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image001.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=16 height=21਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㘀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283465">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>is the empty set, <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㜀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㌀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㌀⸀㠀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image003.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=18 height=18਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㐀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㜀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283466">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>such that <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㠀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㔀㐀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㘀⸀㠀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image005.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=72 height=22਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㘀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㠀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283468">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>and <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㤀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㔀㐀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㘀⸀㠀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image007.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=72 height=22਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㠀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㈀㤀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283469">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.25pt;text-indent:-21.25pt;mso-list:਀氀㄀㘀 氀攀瘀攀氀㄀ 氀昀漀㈀㠀㬀琀愀戀ⴀ猀琀漀瀀猀㨀氀椀猀琀 ㈀㄀⸀㈀㔀瀀琀✀㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀䰀椀猀琀猀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀㨀㜀⸀　瀀琀 ∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀 
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>The set A union with <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀　∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image001.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=16 height=21਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　　㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀　∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283470">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>is the Universal set, <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㄀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㔀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image009.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=16 height=20਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㄀　⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㄀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283471">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]-->such that <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㔀㄀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㠀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image011.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=69 height=24਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㄀㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㈀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283472">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>and <sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㌀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㔀㄀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㠀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image013.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=69 height=24਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㄀㐀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㌀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283473">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Wu Chi਀椀猀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 漀戀樀攀挀琀猀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀 愀琀 愀氀氀 琀椀洀攀Ⰰ 椀渀挀氀甀搀椀渀最 渀漀 漀戀樀攀挀琀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀昀漀爀攀Ⰰ 椀琀 
should include both the universal set and the empty set. Hence expressing Wu਀䌀栀椀 椀渀 琀攀爀洀猀 漀昀 猀攀琀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀猀 昀漀氀氀漀眀猀㨀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Wu Chi = </span><span lang=EN-US><sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㐀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㤀㠀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㠀⸀㘀瀀琀✀ 
 o:ole="">਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㄀㔀⸀眀洀稀∀ 
  o:title=""/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㈀㘀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㈀㔀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image016.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㐀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀⼀猀甀戀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 洀猀漀 㤀崀㸀㰀砀洀氀㸀 
 <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.DSMT4" ShapeID="_x0000_i1034"਀  䐀爀愀眀䄀猀瀀攀挀琀㴀∀䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀∀ 伀戀樀攀挀琀䤀䐀㴀∀开㄀㈀㜀㜀㈀㠀㌀㐀㜀㐀∀㸀 
 </o:OLEObject>਀㰀⼀砀洀氀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䈀甀琀 
how can time be expressed? There is a believe that time is just an illusion,਀琀栀攀爀攀 攀砀椀猀琀猀 漀渀氀礀 琀栀椀猀 洀漀洀攀渀琀Ⰰ 一伀圀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 琀栀攀 洀攀洀漀爀礀 漀昀 戀漀琀栀 愀 
particular frame of reference, say A, and the object of interest, say x. The਀挀漀渀挀攀瀀琀 漀昀 琀椀洀攀 挀漀洀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀琀眀漀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀椀猀琀椀挀猀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 
universe, namely impermanence and memory.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>Impermanence is the ever changing nature਀漀昀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 渀漀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>time. The fundamental behavior of਀椀洀瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀挀攀 椀猀 琀栀攀 瘀椀戀爀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 愀琀漀洀猀⸀ 䴀攀洀漀爀礀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 栀甀洀愀渀 戀爀愀椀渀Ⰰ 搀爀愀眀椀渀最猀Ⰰ 
writings, video, computer hard-disk, the rings of trees, the layers of earth,਀琀栀攀 氀愀礀攀爀猀 漀昀 椀挀攀Ⰰ 攀琀挀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 眀栀椀挀栀 眀攀 搀漀 渀漀琀 爀攀愀氀椀稀攀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
object of interest. Humans experience time by realizing the differences (change)਀戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 洀攀洀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀渀漀琀 洀攀洀漀爀礀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀 戀漀琀栀 琀栀攀 
object of interest and the environment. Therefore (A </span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:PMingLiU;਀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀✀㸀☀⌀㜀㜀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀 
-10.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>A<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>??</span>) </span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> (A </span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀✀㸀☀⌀㜀㜀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:-10.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>A<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>??</span>)਀愀氀爀攀愀搀礀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 愀氀氀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀昀漀爀攀Ⰰ㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Wu Chi = <span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀⠀䄀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀 
-10.0pt'>&#773;</span><span lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:-10.0pt;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>????</span></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀⤀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 ⠀䄀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:-10.0pt'>&#773;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?????? </span></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀⤀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Figure਀㄀ 挀漀洀瀀愀爀攀猀 琀栀攀 嘀攀渀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 漀昀 琀栀攀 愀戀漀瘀攀 猀攀琀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 琀栀愀琀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀氀礀 
describe Wu Chi (Zhow, 1072) <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>(a)<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀　㔀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀　㔀⸀㘀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image017.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀嘀攀渀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 漀昀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 ∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=141 height=141਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㄀㠀⸀樀瀀最∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1035"><![endif]> (b)<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1036"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㠀㜀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀　㌀⸀㈀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image019.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀圀甀挀栀椀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=116 height=138਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀　⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1036"><![endif]></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig.</span><!--[if supportFields]><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ攀氀攀洀攀渀琀㨀昀椀攀氀搀ⴀ戀攀最椀渀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀 㴀 ㄀ 尀⨀ 䄀爀愀戀椀挀 㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang=EN-GB><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ渀漀ⴀ瀀爀漀漀昀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㄀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀䘀椀攀氀搀猀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-GB><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀 ⠀愀⤀ 嘀攀渀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 漀昀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 愀渀搀 ⠀戀⤀ 琀栀攀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 漀昀 圀甀 
Chi.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Note਀琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 攀砀瀀爀攀猀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 栀愀猀 琀栀攀 昀漀爀洀愀琀 漀昀 ⠀渀漀琀 䄀 
union not not A). According to set theory, this is the same as (not A union A).਀䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀猀 洀愀礀 戀攀 琀爀礀椀渀最 琀漀 琀攀氀氀 甀猀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 琀爀甀琀栀 椀猀 渀漀琀 椀渀 䄀 戀甀琀 椀琀 
is also not in not A. It is not everything and not nothing neither? The answer਀琀漀 琀栀椀猀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀 洀愀礀 最漀攀猀 漀甀琀猀椀搀攀 琀栀攀 猀挀漀瀀攀 漀昀 洀愀琀栀攀洀愀琀椀挀猀 愀渀搀 愀渀礀 氀愀渀最甀愀最攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 
is also outside the scope of this paper. However for the rest of the paper, we਀☀焀甀漀琀㬀爀攀氀甀挀琀愀渀琀氀礀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 甀猀攀 琀栀攀 渀漀琀椀漀渀 ⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 琀漀 搀攀渀漀琀攀 圀甀 䌀栀椀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀栀愀渀最攀㨀 䤀洀瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀挀攀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 
is changing, incidents are happening all around all the time. All changes are਀搀甀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 儀甀愀爀欀猀Ⰰ 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 儀甀愀渀琀甀洀 倀栀礀猀椀挀猀 ⠀䘀攀礀渀洀愀渀Ⰰ 
1985), or all due to the vibration of strings of different length according to਀猀琀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀漀爀礀 ⠀氀攀渀最琀栀 愀渀搀 瘀椀戀爀愀琀椀漀渀⤀ ⠀䠀愀眀欀椀渀最Ⰰ ㈀　　㄀⤀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 搀漀 渀漀琀 
matter to the universe itself according to the 1st law of thermodynamics (Law਀漀昀 挀漀渀瘀攀爀猀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 攀渀攀爀最礀⤀ ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀倀攀爀爀漀琀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>). That is, nothing changes as a਀眀栀漀氀攀⸀ 䌀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀渀氀礀 洀愀琀琀攀爀猀 琀漀 愀渀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 猀椀最渀愀氀猀 琀漀 
the observer. If there is no change, there is no time. Change is the difference਀戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 渀漀眀 愀渀搀 樀甀猀琀 渀漀眀⸀ 伀渀氀礀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀昀攀攀氀猀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 愀猀 
a whole has not time. Space and Time are relative concepts in relativity (Hawking,਀㈀　　㄀⤀ 愀渀搀 漀渀氀礀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 愀戀猀漀氀甀琀攀 琀漀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀椀爀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀⸀ 
Nothing is permanent, except maybe the Universe. We humans want to keep things the਀眀愀礀 眀攀 眀愀渀琀 琀栀攀洀 琀漀 戀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀攀渀挀攀 琀爀礀 琀漀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 琀栀椀渀最猀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀愀椀挀栀椀㨀 䐀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 
</span></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The਀昀椀爀猀琀 猀攀渀琀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀 挀氀愀猀猀椀挀 椀猀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀吀愀椀挀栀椀 椀猀 戀漀爀渀 昀爀漀洀 圀甀 
Chi, and is the mother of Yin and Yang' (Wile, 1995) (Wong, TBP b). <span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀吀愀椀挀栀椀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀 愀渀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 琀攀爀洀椀渀漀氀漀最礀 
which could be interpreted as any particular set A. It can be an object, a਀洀漀瘀攀洀攀渀琀Ⰰ 愀渀 椀渀挀椀搀攀渀琀Ⰰ 愀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀Ⰰ 愀渀 椀搀攀愀Ⰰ 愀 洀攀琀栀漀搀Ⰰ 愀 猀琀爀愀琀攀最礀Ⰰ 愀 琀愀挀琀椀挀Ⰰ 愀 
concept, a process, a system, energy, matter, signal (information), goal, etc. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Observers਀眀愀渀琀 琀漀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀 愀渀搀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 猀攀琀 䄀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀椀爀 搀攀猀椀爀攀猀⸀ 䠀攀渀挀攀 
differentiating set A from (A union not A). The power of Differentiation is਀吀愀椀挀栀椀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 搀攀挀爀攀愀猀攀 椀渀 攀渀琀爀漀瀀礀 洀攀愀猀甀爀攀猀 琀栀攀 瀀漀眀攀爀 椀渀椀琀椀愀琀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀⸀ 
On the other hand, Integration comes naturally after Differentiation where਀攀渀琀爀漀瀀礀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀攀猀 愀猀 琀栀攀 瀀漀眀攀爀 搀椀猀猀椀瀀愀琀攀猀 戀愀挀欀 椀渀琀漀 圀甀 䌀栀椀 愀渀搀 䄀 戀攀挀漀洀攀猀 ⠀䄀 
union not A) again. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Differentiation਀挀愀渀 爀攀搀甀挀攀 琀栀攀 攀渀琀爀漀瀀礀 漀昀 猀攀琀 䄀⸀ 䄀琀 愀 最氀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 椀琀 洀愀礀 挀漀渀琀爀愀搀椀挀琀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 ㈀渀搀 
law of thermodynamics, but the observer is actually inserting energy into the਀猀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 琀漀 愀渀 愀椀爀 挀漀渀搀椀琀椀漀渀攀爀 甀猀椀渀最 瀀漀眀攀爀 
to differentiate cold and hot air. After the process of differentiation,਀愀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 椀渀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 䄀 漀爀 渀漀琀 䄀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
observer, which agrees with the third fundamental principles of Aristotelian਀氀漀最椀挀 ⠀䔀椀琀栀攀爀ⴀ漀爀⤀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀㨀 
Integration <o:p></o:p></span></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>If the਀猀礀猀琀攀洀 ⠀䄀⤀ 挀愀渀 戀攀 椀猀漀氀愀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 椀琀猀 攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀 ⠀渀漀琀 䄀⤀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 
within A do not affect our goal (Taichi). In a way A becomes another universe.਀䤀昀 琀漀琀愀氀 椀猀漀氀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 愀挀栀椀攀瘀攀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 渀漀 眀愀礀 眀攀 挀愀渀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀 椀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀猀 
still at our goal. The third law of thermodynamics states that as temperature਀愀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀攀猀 愀戀猀漀氀甀琀攀 稀攀爀漀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 攀渀琀爀漀瀀礀 漀昀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀攀猀 愀 挀漀渀猀琀愀渀琀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>Perrot, 1998</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀⤀⸀ 䤀昀 愀戀猀漀氀甀琀攀 稀攀爀漀 椀猀 愀挀琀甀愀氀氀礀 愀挀栀椀攀瘀攀搀Ⰰ 眀椀氀氀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 
universe with no changes to the observer? <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Therefore,਀昀漀爀 甀猀 琀漀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀琀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 戀攀 椀猀漀氀愀琀攀搀 愀渀搀 椀琀 椀猀 猀甀猀挀攀瀀琀椀戀氀攀 琀漀 
influences from its environment. Influences will cause changes and possible the਀搀攀猀琀爀甀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀攀渀挀攀 䄀 椀猀 椀洀瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀琀⸀ 䤀昀 ⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 椀猀 
the universe, then A is imperfect without (not A), but we humans਀☀焀甀漀琀㬀琀爀礀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 䄀 瀀攀爀昀攀挀琀℀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀瘀攀渀 愀 
sealed glass ball of worms, plants and water, it still requires sunlight਀⠀愀戀猀漀爀戀 攀渀攀爀最礀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀⤀ 搀甀爀椀渀最 搀愀礀琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 搀愀爀欀渀攀猀猀 搀甀爀椀渀最 
nighttime (dissipate energy to the environment) for it to work. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Integration਀椀猀 甀渀愀瘀漀椀搀愀戀氀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 䄀 椀猀 愀氀眀愀礀猀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 ⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 
not A). A will always interact with (not A), the environment. Hence control is਀渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀礀 琀漀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 琀栀攀 最漀愀氀 椀渀椀琀椀愀琀攀搀 戀礀 吀愀椀挀栀椀⸀ 
However, some people keep using the method of differentiation in their daily਀愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 愀渀搀 昀漀爀最攀琀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 戀椀最 瀀椀挀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀渀 椀渀琀攀最爀愀氀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 
the whole analysis. Holistic analysis is extremely important in Chinese culture਀椀渀挀氀甀搀椀渀最 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 挀愀氀氀 椀琀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀琀礀 漀昀 栀甀洀愀渀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 
sky, which means the unity with their environment or the whole universe.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h1><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Input Influence and਀伀甀琀瀀甀琀 䈀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀㨀 吀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀昀愀挀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 䔀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀圀攀 
differentiate A from (A union not A) but A cannot sustain without (not A), its਀攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀⸀ 䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 䄀 愀渀搀 ⠀渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 愀爀攀 愀挀栀椀攀瘀攀搀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 
interface of input and output of the system A. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Inputs਀漀昀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀 爀漀甀琀椀渀攀 愀渀搀 愀戀渀漀爀洀愀氀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀 琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 猀瀀愀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
environment which will influence the system. Output of a system is the਀挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 
Ancient Chinese viewpoint of systems is a bit different from the modern system਀琀栀攀漀爀礀⸀ 䴀漀搀攀爀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀猀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀猀 愀 戀氀愀挀欀 戀漀砀 眀椀琀栀 愀渀 椀渀瀀甀琀 
and an output, and identifying the input/output relationship is the most਀椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀 琀愀猀欀⸀ 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 爀攀最愀爀搀 愀氀氀 ฀江愀挀欀 戀漀砀攀猀㼀琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 挀漀洀洀漀渀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 
the output behavior depends on the current state of the black box as well as਀琀栀攀 椀渀瀀甀琀⸀ 䐀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 椀渀瀀甀琀猀 眀椀氀氀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 漀甀琀瀀甀琀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀栀愀瘀攀 
accordingly. However, the same input feeding into the same system at a਀搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 琀椀洀攀 洀愀礀 栀愀瘀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 漀甀琀瀀甀琀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
system changed. This state is represented by the common structure and can be਀搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 漀甀琀瀀甀琀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䤀渀 
order to determine the exact state of the system, we need to analyze ALL the਀漀甀琀瀀甀琀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀猀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 愀爀攀愀 漀昀 琀栀攀 栀漀氀椀猀琀椀挀 瀀漀椀渀琀 漀昀 瘀椀攀眀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 椀渀 
practice we only need to consider the most obvious and the subtlest behaviors,਀漀爀 琀栀攀 猀琀爀漀渀最攀猀琀 愀渀搀 眀攀愀欀攀猀琀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀猀Ⰰ 椀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 漀爀 
to understand the system.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>In the਀愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀瀀甀琀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀 漀爀 琀栀攀 漀甀琀瀀甀琀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀Ⰰ 漀渀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 攀洀瀀氀漀礀 琀栀攀 
holistic analysis of &quot;Everything and Nothing&quot; by observing both਀攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 愀渀搀 渀漀琀栀椀渀最 愀琀 戀漀琀栀 椀渀瀀甀琀 愀渀搀 漀甀琀瀀甀琀⸀ 一漀琀栀椀渀最 愀琀 琀栀攀 椀渀瀀甀琀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀 
an input influence. Nothing at the output is also an output behavior. But only਀眀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 椀猀 渀漀琀 猀甀爀攀 椀昀 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 愀渀 椀渀瀀甀琀⼀漀甀琀瀀甀琀 漀爀 渀漀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 
observation is required. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h1><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Tao: a Universal਀匀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀圀栀攀渀 眀攀 
play with toy bricks, the first thing we need to do is to learn about the basic਀戀甀椀氀搀椀渀最 戀氀漀挀欀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 戀甀椀氀搀椀渀最 爀甀氀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀渀 眀攀 氀攀愀爀渀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 漀昀 琀漀礀 
bricks and how they react to different influences. In real systems it is਀猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 瘀攀爀礀 栀愀爀搀 琀漀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀 琀栀攀 戀愀猀椀挀 戀甀椀氀搀椀渀最 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 爀甀氀攀 漀昀 
interaction between them. The Chinese found a basic structure for all the਀猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 琀栀攀礀 攀渀挀漀甀渀琀攀爀攀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 琀栀攀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 琀漀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 愀爀攀愀猀 漀昀 
knowledge in their culture. This basic structure was extended into 64 more਀挀漀洀瀀氀椀挀愀琀攀搀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀猀 眀攀爀攀 渀漀琀 昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 搀椀瘀椀搀攀搀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 椀琀 
was felt that going further would only complicate the analysis, and the਀椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀攀搀 戀椀最 瀀椀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 戀攀椀渀最 漀渀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 甀渀椀琀礀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 氀漀猀琀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>Confucius, 479 BC)</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀 
universal system structure is very important to system analysis because we want਀琀漀 搀攀瘀攀氀漀瀀 愀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀渀 戀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 琀漀 攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最⸀ 䄀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 琀栀攀 
components, their predicates, and their relationships. Knowing this, the਀挀栀愀渀最攀猀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 爀甀氀攀 漀昀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 挀愀渀 戀攀 猀琀甀搀椀攀搀⸀ 䄀 猀琀愀琀攀 
is a snapshot of all the components at a given time, which can be used to਀搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀 琀栀攀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 䤀渀瀀甀琀⼀伀甀琀瀀甀琀 爀攀氀愀琀椀漀渀猀栀椀瀀⸀ 䈀攀挀愀甀猀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀礀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 
changes to one component always affect other components. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>How can਀猀攀琀 䄀 戀攀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀搀㼀 䄀最愀椀渀Ⰰ 椀昀 眀攀 眀愀渀琀 琀漀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 眀攀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 
differentiate; we need to make a comparison between at least 2 sets. Chinese਀愀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 䄀 愀渀搀 ⠀渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 愀最愀椀渀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 猀攀琀 䄀⸀ 䰀攀琀 
us now differentiate set B and set (not B) within set A where all B is A:<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><sub><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1037"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㠀㐀⸀㠀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㔀⸀㘀瀀琀✀ 漀㨀漀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image021.wmz"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=246 height=21਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1037"><![endif]></sub><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>਀ 㰀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀 吀礀瀀攀㴀∀䔀洀戀攀搀∀ 倀爀漀最䤀䐀㴀∀䔀焀甀愀琀椀漀渀⸀䐀匀䴀吀㐀∀ 匀栀愀瀀攀䤀䐀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㜀∀ 
  DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1277283475">਀ 㰀⼀漀㨀伀䰀䔀伀戀樀攀挀琀㸀 
</xml><![endif]--></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>A =਀笀䈀Ⰰ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀✀㸀☀⌀㜀㜀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:-10.0pt;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䈀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>??????</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>??</span></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>A} = {B, G} where G = {</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:-10.0pt'>&#773;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀氀攀琀琀攀爀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㨀ⴀ㄀　⸀　瀀琀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>B </span><span lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:-10.0pt;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀紀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䤀渀 
Ancient Chinese terminology, the simplest structure of Taichi is: Taichi =਀笀夀愀渀最Ⰰ 夀椀渀紀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 挀愀渀 戀攀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 嘀攀渀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 椀渀 䘀椀最甀爀攀 ㈀⸀ ☀焀甀漀琀㬀伀渀攀 
Yin and one Yang is Tao&quot; (</span><span lang=EN-US>Confucius, 479 BC).</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀⠀愀⤀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 
 id="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:83.4pt;height:80.4pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀㌀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Venn diagram A={B,G}"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㄀㄀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀　㜀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image024.jpg"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㠀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀 ⠀戀⤀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㤀∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:87pt;height:80.4pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀㔀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Taichi action"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㄀㘀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀　㜀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image026.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㌀㤀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀㈀ ⠀愀⤀ 嘀攀渀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 䄀㴀笀䈀Ⰰ䜀紀 漀爀 
Taichi={Yin, Yang} and <br>਀⠀戀⤀ 琀栀攀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 椀渀 愀挀琀椀漀渀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀夀椀渀 
and Yang are the fundamental interacting components within any system (Taichi),਀爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 樀甀猀琀 愀渀礀 愀爀戀椀琀爀愀爀礀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 栀愀瘀攀 挀氀攀愀爀 
definition for the properties for each one of them. In simple terms, we can਀甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀�椶渀 椀猀 
the component that supports the system, and Yang is the component that operates਀琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㄀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀㈀㌀㄀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀　㠀㌀㤀㬀☀⌀㘀㔀㈀㤀㈀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㈀㔀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㐀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀㌀㐀㌀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㘀㌀㬀☀⌀㘀㔀㌀　㜀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㈀㔀㬀☀⌀㈀㈀㌀㄀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀㈀㠀　㘀㬀☀⌀㘀㔀㈀㤀㈀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㄀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㐀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀　㌀㔀㄀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㘀㌀㬀☀⌀㄀㈀㈀㤀　㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>?(</span><span lang=EN-US>HuangDi,਀㈀　㘀䈀䌀Ⰰ 䌀栀㔀⤀ ⠀䜀漀甀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㤀⤀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Figure਀㌀ 最爀愀瀀栀椀挀愀氀氀礀 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 洀愀渀礀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀猀 
in classic texts that describe rules of how these two components interact with਀攀愀挀栀 漀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 椀渀挀氀甀搀椀渀最 䤀 䌀栀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䈀漀漀欀 漀昀 䌀栀愀渀最攀猀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀䘀甀堀椀Ⰰ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀㄀㄀㈀㈀ 䈀䌀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>, the Confusions Ten Wings (</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䌀漀渀昀甀挀椀甀猀Ⰰ 㐀㜀㤀 䈀䌀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>, classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (</span><span lang=EN-US>HuangDi,਀㈀　㘀䈀䌀Ⰰ 䌀栀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㔀⤀ ⠀娀栀愀渀最 
219) (</span><span lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'>Wiseman 2000)</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀Ⰰ 挀氀愀猀猀椀挀猀 漀昀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>Wile 1995</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>)਀愀渀搀 洀愀渀礀 漀琀栀攀爀猀⸀ 䤀渀 漀琀栀攀爀 眀漀爀搀猀Ⰰ 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 愀爀攀 琀栀攀 昀甀渀挀琀椀漀渀愀氀 
differentiations of the two fundamental components of a system. It is a਀猀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 挀氀愀猀猀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 愀 瀀甀爀攀 瀀栀椀氀漀猀漀瀀栀礀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=FigureCaption><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀　∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:256.2pt;height:80.4pt;mso-position-vertical:outside'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀㜀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Taichi 3 crop"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㌀㐀㈀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀　㜀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image028.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀　∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig. 3 The basic structure of systems.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Note਀琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 挀愀渀 戀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 猀攀琀 䈀 愀最愀椀渀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 
same results follow. Hence, &quot;size doesn't matter&quot;. This structure਀愀瀀瀀氀椀攀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 戀椀最最攀猀琀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 猀洀愀氀氀攀猀琀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 一漀 猀椀稀攀 氀椀洀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀猀 眀攀爀攀 
imposed on set A (Taichi) in the analysis. Also the nature of set A can be any਀瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀 漀渀攀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀Ⰰ 渀漀 洀愀琀琀攀爀 栀漀眀 猀椀洀瀀氀攀 漀爀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀砀⸀ 吀栀攀 氀攀瘀攀氀 漀昀 
set A is also unlimited from the most macroscopic level to the most microscopic਀氀攀瘀攀氀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀伀渀挀攀 
the Taichi is in action, Yin and Yang appears at the same time. E.g. an idea is਀愀 吀愀椀挀栀椀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 甀渀琀椀氀 琀栀攀 椀搀攀愀 椀猀 瀀甀琀 椀渀琀漀 愀挀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 爀攀洀愀椀渀 栀椀搀搀攀渀⸀ 
Therefore, the Taichi, Yin and Yang cannot be separated and form the simplest਀猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 愀渀礀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀⸀ 吀栀愀琀 椀猀 眀栀礀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 猀愀礀 愀渀礀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 
this universe is a Taichi Yin-Yang system. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Western਀挀甀氀琀甀爀攀 愀氀猀漀 栀愀猀 愀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 挀漀渀挀攀瀀琀㨀 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 愀氀眀愀礀猀 琀眀漀 猀椀搀攀猀 漀昀 愀 挀漀椀渀⸀ 䴀漀猀琀 
people love one side of the coin and want to ignore the other side. Some people਀爀攀愀氀椀稀攀 愀渀搀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀 戀漀琀栀 猀椀搀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀椀渀⸀ 䈀甀琀 漀渀氀礀 愀 昀攀眀 挀氀攀愀爀氀礀 甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀 
the definition of a coin: Head, Tail, and the Coin. Some people try to group਀愀氀氀 琀栀攀 䠀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 挀漀椀渀猀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 漀爀 最爀漀甀瀀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀氀猀 漀昀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 
coins together for analysis and get confused. The fact is that different coins have਀搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 䠀攀愀搀猀 愀渀搀 吀愀椀氀猀 愀渀搀 攀愀挀栀 挀漀椀渀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀搀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 椀琀猀 
corresponding Head and Tail. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The਀猀愀洀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 挀愀渀 戀攀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀搀 椀渀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀Ⰰ 猀漀挀椀愀氀 漀爀 戀椀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 
sciences. For example in physical science, if we want to make a mechanical਀猀漀甀渀搀 ⠀吀愀椀挀栀椀⤀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 眀攀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 愀渀 愀挀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀挀攀 ⠀夀愀渀最 漀瀀攀爀愀琀攀搀⤀ 愀渀搀 愀渀 爀攀愀挀琀椀漀渀 
force (Yin supported) according to Newton's 3rd Law of Motion. An example in਀猀漀挀椀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀渀 攀挀漀渀漀洀椀挀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 眀栀攀爀攀 琀栀攀 攀挀漀渀漀洀礀 ⠀吀愀椀挀栀椀⤀ 椀猀 
composed of Demand (Yang operated) and Supply (Yin supported). In Traditional਀䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 栀甀洀愀渀 戀漀搀礀 ⠀吀愀椀挀栀椀⤀ 椀猀 挀漀洀瀀漀猀攀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 洀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
body (Yin supported) and the function of the body (Yang operated). Research is਀漀渀最漀椀渀最 漀渀 栀漀眀 琀漀 愀瀀瀀氀礀 琀栀椀猀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 琀漀 䔀挀漀渀漀洀椀挀猀Ⰰ 䈀甀猀椀渀攀猀猀 䴀愀渀愀最攀洀攀渀琀Ⰰ 
Mechanical Physics, Unity theory of the forces in the universe, and more.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>It is਀戀攀氀椀攀瘀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀椀猀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 愀氀猀漀 戀攀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀 琀栀攀 瀀栀攀渀漀洀攀渀漀渀 椀渀 
Quantum physics. If quarks are the basic building blocks of all energy and਀洀愀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 攀渀攀爀最礀 愀渀搀 洀愀琀琀攀爀 愀爀攀 戀漀琀栀 樀甀猀琀 琀栀攀 挀漀栀攀猀椀漀渀 瀀栀攀渀漀洀攀渀漀渀 漀昀 焀甀愀爀欀猀 
and are just an impermanent illusion, which is deemed to fail and fall apart at਀猀漀洀攀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 刀攀洀攀洀戀攀爀 琀栀愀琀 漀渀氀礀 ⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀琀⸀ 䄀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 攀氀猀攀 
is just A or (not A) which will constantly interact with each other, will਀椀渀琀攀最爀愀琀攀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 愀最愀椀渀 愀琀 猀漀洀攀 琀椀洀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀渀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀攀搀 愀最愀椀渀 
at some other time by some observer. However, many people have the illusion਀琀栀愀琀 䄀 挀愀渀 戀攀 瀀攀爀洀愀渀攀渀琀 愀渀搀 欀攀攀瀀 愀渀愀氀礀稀椀渀最 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀椀攀猀 漀昀 䄀Ⰰ 欀攀攀瀀 
controlling A to fulfill their desires. Traditional Chinese theories states਀琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 昀椀渀愀氀 琀爀甀琀栀 挀愀渀 漀渀氀礀 戀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 戀礀 爀攀氀攀愀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 甀渀椀琀礀Ⰰ ⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀刀甀氀攀猀 漀昀 䌀栀愀渀最攀猀㨀 
components?relationships <o:p></o:p></span></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Now਀琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 愀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 攀砀愀洀椀渀攀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 瀀爀攀搀椀挀愀琀攀猀 昀漀爀 
each of these components and the relationship between Yin and Yang is studied.਀吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 洀愀渀礀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀 戀甀琀 栀攀爀攀 琀栀攀 戀愀猀椀挀 
and practical ones out of the publications of the last 3000 years will be਀氀漀漀欀攀搀 愀琀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 瀀爀攀搀椀挀愀琀攀猀 愀爀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀礀 猀琀愀琀攀搀 栀攀爀攀 戀甀琀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 挀氀攀愀爀攀爀 眀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 
Heating Water system is used as an example to illustrate the Taichi Yin-Yang਀猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀唀渀椀琀礀 漀昀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最㨀 
Taichi </span></h2>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Yin਀愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 挀漀攀砀椀猀琀 愀渀搀 爀漀漀琀攀搀 椀渀 攀愀挀栀 漀琀栀攀爀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 挀愀爀爀礀 攀愀挀栀 漀琀栀攀爀⸀ 夀椀渀 猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀猀 
Yang and Yang operates Yin. Yin and Yang must be balanced by each other, the਀瀀漀爀琀椀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 戀攀 戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀 戀攀挀漀洀攀猀 攀砀挀攀猀猀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 夀椀渀 
and Yang are balanced with each other, the whole system will be stable, be਀攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀Ⰰ 栀愀瘀攀 氀漀渀最攀瘀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 戀攀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 最爀漀眀⸀ 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 最爀漀眀 愀渀搀 搀椀洀椀渀椀猀栀 
together. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h2><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Viscous Cycle</span></h2>਀ 
<p class=Text style='margin-bottom:28.8pt'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀砀挀攀猀猀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 眀椀氀氀 爀甀椀渀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 眀椀氀氀 昀漀爀洀 瘀椀猀挀漀甀猀 挀礀挀氀攀 漀昀 
diminishing Yin and Yang. Nature will balance itself, only systems with਀昀攀攀搀戀愀挀欀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 眀椀氀氀 昀愀氀氀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 瘀椀猀挀漀甀猀 挀礀挀氀攀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
class=BodyTextChar><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'> For਀攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 氀漀眀 猀瀀攀渀搀椀渀最 挀愀甀猀攀猀 栀椀最栀 甀渀攀洀瀀氀漀礀洀攀渀琀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀渀 挀愀甀猀攀猀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀 琀漀 搀攀挀爀攀愀猀攀 
their spendi</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>ng਀洀漀爀攀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀夀椀渀 漀爀 
Yang can tolerate a certain level of the component that cannot be balanced਀渀漀爀洀愀氀氀礀 愀渀搀 眀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀挀漀洀攀 琀栀攀 攀砀挀攀猀猀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀漀渀搀甀挀琀愀渀挀攀⼀爀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀⼀搀攀氀愀礀 
</span></h2>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The਀爀愀琀攀 漀昀 挀栀愀渀最攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀瀀甀琀 洀愀礀戀攀 栀椀最栀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀 洀愀礀 瀀爀攀瘀攀渀琀 琀栀攀 
effect from spreading to the whole system instantaneously which causes delay਀愀渀搀 猀琀愀最渀愀琀椀漀渀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀匀琀愀琀攀㨀 
Snapshot of the system</span></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 愀爀攀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 愀渀搀 栀攀渀挀攀 
will change all the time. The sim</span><span class=BodyTextChar><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀✀㸀瀀氀攀猀琀 挀栀愀渀最攀 椀猀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀椀渀最 漀爀 
decreasing, compared to another instant of tim</span></span><span lang=EN-US>e਀漀爀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀攀搀 琀漀 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>ng.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀愀椀挀栀椀 挀愀渀 戀攀 椀渀 愀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀爀 椀渀 愀渀 䤀洀戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 
state. A BALANCED system will be stable, efficient, long-life and able to਀最爀漀眀琀栀⸀ 䄀渀 䤀洀戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 甀渀猀琀愀戀氀攀Ⰰ 椀渀攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀Ⰰ 猀栀漀爀琀ⴀ氀椀瘀攀搀 愀渀搀 搀椀洀椀渀椀猀栀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>An Imbalanced state at this level of analysis can਀攀椀琀栀攀爀 戀攀 搀甀攀 琀漀 洀漀爀攀 夀椀渀 琀栀愀渀 夀愀渀最 漀爀 氀攀猀猀 夀椀渀 琀栀愀渀 夀愀渀最 愀渀搀 琀栀攀猀攀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 愀爀攀 
traditionally called COLD and HOT respectively. Hence we can represent the਀猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀攀琀 䄀 椀渀 愀 洀愀琀爀椀砀 昀漀爀洀 愀猀 昀漀氀氀漀眀猀㨀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>A[Yin,=,Yang] = BALANCED.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀嬀夀椀渀Ⰰ☀最琀㬀Ⰰ夀愀渀最崀 㴀 䌀伀䰀䐀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>A[Yin,&lt;,Yang] = HOT.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀漀渀琀爀漀氀 渀攀攀搀猀 琀漀 戀攀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀搀 琀漀 瀀甀猀栀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 
back to a BALANCED state. However, there is not enough information at this਀氀攀瘀攀氀 漀昀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 椀琀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 戀攀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀攀搀 椀昀 琀栀攀 椀洀戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 愀爀攀 
caused by a problem with Yin or Yang. This is the same scenario in relativity਀愀渀搀 琀栀攀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 渀攀攀搀猀 琀漀 戀攀 搀攀挀椀搀攀搀⸀ 䤀昀 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 
are of different units, it is even impossible to compare. Therefore we need the਀昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 ⠀吀愀椀挀栀椀⤀ 攀瘀攀渀 樀甀猀琀 琀漀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀 䌀伀䰀䐀⼀䠀伀吀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Before continuing further down the analysis tree, a਀猀椀洀瀀氀攀 洀漀搀攀氀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀 愀猀 愀渀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀 琀漀 椀氀氀甀猀琀爀愀琀攀 琀栀攀 琀栀攀漀爀礀⸀ 吀栀攀 洀漀猀琀 
famous and widely used model is the Water-Fire model, and here it will be਀爀攀昀攀爀爀攀搀 琀漀 愀猀 琀栀攀 䠀攀愀琀椀渀最 圀愀琀攀爀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 琀漀 猀甀椀琀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 猀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 琀攀爀洀椀渀漀氀漀最椀攀猀Ⰰ 
as shown in Figure 4. For example, even with the same water with the same heat਀攀渀攀爀最礀Ⰰ 琀漀 猀漀洀攀漀渀攀 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀 椀猀 䠀伀吀 戀甀琀 琀漀 猀漀洀攀漀渀攀 攀氀猀攀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 眀愀琀攀爀 椀猀 䌀伀䰀䐀Ⰰ 
because the HOT and COLD depends on the Taichi (frame of reference) of the਀猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀圀愀琀攀爀ⴀ䘀椀爀攀 
analogy: The Heating Water System example<o:p></o:p></span></h1>਀ 
<h2><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Taichi:਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Our &quot;goal&quot; is to keep 50L of distilled਀眀愀琀攀爀 愀琀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀猀漀 琀栀愀琀 漀甀爀 戀漀搀礀 昀攀攀氀 最漀漀搀 眀栀攀渀 眀攀 搀爀椀渀欀 琀栀攀 
water. We call this set A the set HeatingWater or the set HW. Here we assume਀琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 渀漀 甀猀愀戀氀攀 栀攀愀琀 攀渀攀爀最礀 椀渀 眀愀琀攀爀 愀琀 愀戀猀漀氀甀琀攀 稀攀爀漀 琀攀洀瀀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 
there are 305MJ of usable heat energy in 50L of water at 36.8</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>C.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䠀攀愀琀椀渀最圀愀琀攀爀笀㔀　䰀Ⰰ㌀　㔀䴀䨀紀 㴀 椀搀攀愀氀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 猀琀愀琀攀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>HeatingWater{Water,Heat}<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䠀攀愀琀椀渀最圀愀琀攀爀笀圀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ䘀椀爀攀紀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>HeatingWater{Yin,Yang}<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䠀攀愀琀椀渀最圀愀琀攀爀笀䴀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀Ⰰ䔀渀攀爀最礀紀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㄀∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:123.6pt;height:108pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㈀㤀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="chinese_stove_brick_output"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㄀㘀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀㐀㐀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image030.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㄀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀ 㐀 吀栀攀 䠀攀愀琀椀渀最 圀愀琀攀爀 猀礀猀琀攀洀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Note that some systems cannot be balanced, for਀攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀 愀 搀椀猀琀椀氀氀攀搀 眀愀琀攀爀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 漀昀 㔀　䰀 眀椀琀栀 ㈀　　㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 
9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C at਀渀漀爀洀愀氀 瀀爀攀猀猀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 攀砀瀀愀渀搀愀戀氀攀 瘀漀氀甀洀攀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䤀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 
</span></h2>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 猀琀攀瀀 漀昀 愀瀀瀀氀礀椀渀最 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 
system to any system A is to identify the Yin and Yang component in the system.਀夀椀渀 椀猀 琀栀攀 漀渀攀 琀栀愀琀 猀甀瀀瀀漀爀琀猀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 栀攀爀攀 椀猀 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀⸀ 夀愀渀最 椀猀 琀栀攀 漀渀攀 
that operates and here is the Heat energy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h2><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀䌀栀愀渀最攀猀㨀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The BALANCED state of our system is to have 50L of਀搀椀猀琀椀氀氀攀搀 眀愀琀攀爀 愀琀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀 
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C .<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀攀猀琀 挀栀愀渀最攀 椀猀 愀渀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀攀⼀搀攀挀爀攀愀猀攀 漀昀 漀甀爀 
Yin-Yang combo in comparison with our goal. Quantity of water or quantity of਀栀攀愀琀 攀渀攀爀最礀 挀愀渀 戀攀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀攀搀⼀搀攀挀爀攀愀猀攀搀 椀渀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀椀猀漀渀 琀漀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 猀攀琀 漀爀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 
instance. Quantity has no meaning without comparison. Quality of our system਀椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀猀 戀漀琀栀 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 愀渀搀 挀愀渀 戀攀 最漀漀搀⼀戀愀搀⸀ 䄀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀猀 最漀漀搀 
quality, while an IMBALANCED system of COLD/HOT is bad. The Quality can be਀昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀焀甀愀渀琀椀昀礀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 愀猀 戀攀椀渀最 栀椀最栀⼀氀漀眀⸀ 䄀⠀㐀　䰀Ⰰ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀⤀ 椀猀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 愀琀 氀漀眀 最漀漀搀 焀甀愀氀椀琀礀Ⰰ 眀栀椀氀攀 ⠀㔀　䰀Ⰰ㌀㘀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀⤀ 椀猀 愀 䌀伀䰀䐀 猀琀愀琀攀 愀琀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀氀漀眀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 戀愀搀 焀甀愀氀椀琀礀⸀ 一愀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 
state can be COLD/HOT or BALANCED in comparison to the Taichi. Therefore਀焀甀愀渀琀椀琀礀Ⰰ 焀甀愀氀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 渀愀琀甀爀攀 漀渀氀礀 攀砀椀猀琀 椀渀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀椀猀漀渀 ⠀搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀⤀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>For simplicity, it is assumed for now that there਀愀爀攀 渀漀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 椀渀椀琀椀愀琀攀搀 椀渀琀攀爀渀愀氀氀礀Ⰰ 攀⸀最⸀ 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 爀攀愀挀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 渀甀挀氀攀愀爀 爀攀愀挀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 
feedback reaction.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h2><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><span lang=EN-AU਀  猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀甀爀爀攀渀琀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
 lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> <st1:PlaceType਀ 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀匀琀愀琀攀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>: </span></h2>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀栀攀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀椀渀最 琀栀攀 猀漀甀爀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
problem in the imbalanced system is now returned to. The 3 basic states are: <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀嬀夀椀渀Ⰰ㴀Ⰰ夀愀渀最崀 㴀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>A[Yin,&gt;,Yang] = COLD <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀嬀夀椀渀Ⰰ☀氀琀㬀Ⰰ夀愀渀最崀 㴀 䠀伀吀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>which depends on the definition of Taichi being਀甀猀攀搀 愀渀搀 攀愀挀栀 漀渀攀 挀愀渀 昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 搀椀瘀椀搀攀 椀渀琀漀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀㨀 䰀漀眀⼀䠀椀最栀⸀ 
Some of the possible states of our example of Heating Water system are as਀昀漀氀氀漀眀猀㨀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>1. HW{60L,305 MJ}-&gt;HW[60L,&gt;305MJ] &lt; 36.8</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>= COLD <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㈀⸀ 䠀圀笀㔀　䰀Ⰰ㌀　　䴀䨀紀ⴀ☀最琀㬀 䠀圀嬀㔀　䰀Ⰰ☀最琀㬀Ⰰ㌀　　䴀䨀崀 ☀氀琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㴀 䌀伀䰀䐀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>3. HW{50L,310 MJ}-&gt; HW[60L,&lt;,310MJ] &gt; 36.8</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>= HOT<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㐀⸀ 䠀圀笀㐀　䰀Ⰰ㌀　㔀䴀䨀紀 ⴀ☀最琀㬀 䠀圀嬀㐀　䰀Ⰰ☀氀琀㬀Ⰰ㌀　㔀䴀䨀崀 ☀最琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㴀 䠀伀吀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>5.HW{60L,366MJ}-&gt;HW[60L,=,366MJ]=36.8</span><span style='font-family:਀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀 㴀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>6. HW{40L,244MJ} -&gt; HW[40L,=,244MJ]=36.8</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀 㴀 
BALANCED<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀伀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 椀猀 眀攀氀氀 搀攀昀椀渀攀搀Ⰰ 椀琀 挀愀渀 戀攀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀搀 
if the imbalanced state is caused by the Yin or the Yang. Note that these states਀搀攀瀀攀渀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 搀攀昀椀渀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 戀攀椀渀最 甀猀攀搀 愀渀搀 漀渀挀攀 椀琀 椀猀 挀栀愀渀最攀搀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 
example if 50</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀 
mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀Ⰰ 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 
will be changed. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀圀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 
(Taichi), we have two more possible states namely DEFICIENT and EXCESS. When਀夀椀渀⼀夀愀渀最 椀猀 琀漀漀 洀甀挀栀 椀渀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀椀猀漀渀 琀漀 漀甀爀 吀愀椀挀栀椀Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 猀愀椀搀 夀椀渀⼀夀愀渀最 椀猀 椀渀 
EXCESS, and when Yin/Yang is too little in comparison to our Taichi, it is said਀夀椀渀⼀夀愀渀最 椀猀 椀渀 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀⸀ 䠀攀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀戀氀攀洀 挀愀渀 戀攀 瀀椀渀瀀漀椀渀琀攀搀 愀渀搀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀 
control can be exercised to push the system back to the ideal BALANCED state. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>1. HW[60L,&gt;,305MJ] &lt; 36.8</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:਀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>= COLD = Yin EXCESS <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㈀⸀ 䠀圀嬀㔀　䰀Ⰰ☀最琀㬀Ⰰ㌀　　䴀䨀崀 ☀氀琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 
9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㴀 䌀伀䰀䐀 㴀 夀愀渀最 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>3. HW[60L,&lt;,310MJ] &gt; 36.8</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:਀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>= HOT = Yang EXCESS <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㐀⸀ 䠀圀嬀㐀　䰀Ⰰ☀氀琀㬀Ⰰ㌀　㔀䴀䨀崀 ☀最琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀 
9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㴀 䠀伀吀 㴀 夀椀渀 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>5. HW[60L,=,366MJ] = 36.8</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;਀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀 㴀 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 
= both Yin-Yang EXCESS<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㘀⸀ 䠀圀嬀㐀　䰀Ⰰ㴀Ⰰ㈀㐀㐀䴀䨀崀 㴀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:਀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㴀 
BALANCED = both Yin-Yang DEFICIENT <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 椀猀 猀琀愀爀琀攀搀 戀礀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀渀最 猀攀琀 䄀 
(Taichi) from </span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>(A਀甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀Ⰰ㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'> the universe, and then differentiate Yin and Yang as the basic਀挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 愀渀礀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀⸀ 吀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 䌀伀䰀䐀ⴀ䠀伀吀 愀渀愀氀礀琀椀挀愀氀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 椀猀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 
investigate the changes of the Yin-Yang combo. Here the DEFICIENT-EXCESS਀愀渀愀氀礀琀椀挀愀氀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 椀猀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀攀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀 椀渀 
reference to the Taichi. These are the six of the Eight-principals in the Traditional਀䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䐀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀氀 䐀椀愀最渀漀猀椀猀ⴀ䌀甀爀攀 倀爀漀挀攀猀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 琀眀漀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 
introduced in the paper (Wong, TBP a). Figure 5 and Figure 6 show the basic਀猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 甀猀椀渀最 嘀攀渀渀 䐀椀愀最爀愀洀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 
Evil Yin-Yang chart respectively. The use of graphical chats to represent the਀猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 甀猀攀搀 椀渀 ⠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䬀愀瀀琀挀栀甀欀Ⰰ 
2000)</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>(Wong, 2005) (Wong, 2006) (Wong, 2007a) and the traditional one is shown਀椀渀 昀椀最甀爀攀 㜀⸀ 吀栀攀 漀渀攀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 攀洀瀀氀漀礀攀搀 椀渀 漀甀爀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 眀愀猀 椀渀猀瀀椀爀攀搀 戀礀 䴀爀 倀栀椀氀椀瀀 
CHU and was modified to incorporate more properties of the practical changes in਀琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀 椀渀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 
Yin-Yang chart because it represents exactly those information of the system.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=FigureCaption><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀⠀愀⤀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㈀∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:69pt;height:66.6pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㌀㄀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Venn diagram A={B,G}"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㤀㈀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㠀㤀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image032.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㈀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀⠀戀⤀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 
 id="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:63.6pt;height:66.6pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㌀㌀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Venn Diagram A={Good,Evil}1"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㠀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㠀㤀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image034.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㌀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀⠀挀⤀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 
 id="_x0000_i1044" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:72.6pt;height:68.4pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㌀㔀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Venn Diagram A={Good,Evil}Full"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㤀㜀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㤀㄀ 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image036.jpg"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㐀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Fig. 5 Ven</span><span lang=EN-US>n Diagram (a) A={Yin,Yang}</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 ⠀戀⤀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䄀㴀笀䜀漀漀搀Ⰰ䔀瘀椀氀紀Ⰰ 
and <br>਀⠀挀⤀ 䄀㴀笀䜀漀漀搀 夀椀渀Ⰰ 䜀漀漀搀 夀愀渀最 Ⰰ䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀Ⰰ 䔀瘀椀氀 夀愀渀最紀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㈀㈀㈀⸀㘀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㄀㜀⸀㘀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image037.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀䜀☀愀洀瀀㬀䔀夀夀挀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=297 height=157਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㌀㠀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1045"><![endif]><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>????਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 
 id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:1in;height:82.8pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㌀㤀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Taichi balanced"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㤀㘀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀㄀　 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image040.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㐀㘀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀ 㘀 吀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 
chart. Fig. 7 The Traditional representation of <br>਀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?????????????????????????????????਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 䈀䄀䰀䄀一䌀䔀䐀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 吀愀椀挀栀椀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀一漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀 栀愀猀 
been used throughout. In order to understand the DEFICIENT-EXCESS concept਀戀攀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 愀渀搀 䔀瘀椀氀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀漀洀戀漀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀攀搀⸀ 
The components that a system requires to achieve its goal (Taichi) are਀猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䜀漀漀搀☀焀甀漀琀㬀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀猀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 挀愀渀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 戀攀 
DEFICIENT or not DEFICIENT in reference to the goal.<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀吀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 琀栀愀琀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 搀漀攀猀 渀漀琀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀 
to achieve its goal (Taichi) are something &quot;Evil&quot; for the system, and਀琀栀攀猀攀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 挀愀渀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 戀攀 椀渀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 漀爀 渀漀琀 椀渀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 椀渀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 
goal. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀 氀愀爀最攀爀 洀愀琀爀椀砀 椀猀 渀漀眀 渀攀攀搀攀搀 琀漀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 
of a system where the first row shows the state of the Good component of Yin਀愀渀搀 夀愀渀最 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 猀攀挀漀渀搀 爀漀眀 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀瘀椀氀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀 漀昀 夀椀渀 愀渀搀 
Yang. In our example<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䠀圀嬀㘀　䰀Ⰰ☀最琀㬀 Ⰰ㌀　㔀䴀䨀崀 ☀氀琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㤀⸀　瀀琀㬀 
font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:਀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>C<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㴀䠀圀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>not਀䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀Ⰰ㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀Ⰰ 渀漀琀 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol'></span><span lang=EN-AU਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 ☀氀琀㬀 ㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?????</span></span><span lang=EN-US਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀礀洀戀漀氀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>EXCESS<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㼀㼀㼀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀Ⰰ ☀最琀㬀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>, not EXCESS<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Symbol'>?o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㴀 䌀伀䰀䐀 㴀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀刀甀氀攀猀 漀昀 䌀栀愀渀最攀猀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀栀㌀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀唀渀椀琀礀 漀昀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最㨀 
Taich</span></h3>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Water਀愀渀搀 攀渀攀爀最礀 挀漀攀砀椀猀琀 愀渀搀 爀漀漀琀攀搀 椀渀 攀愀挀栀 漀琀栀攀爀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 挀愀爀爀礀 攀愀挀栀 漀琀栀攀爀⸀ 圀愀琀攀爀 
supports energy to stay within the system, and energy operates water to reach a਀挀攀爀琀愀椀渀 琀攀洀瀀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 愀洀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 眀愀琀攀爀 愀渀搀 攀渀攀爀最礀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 戀礀 攀愀挀栀 
other according to the goal of Taichi. And the portion that cannot be balanced਀戀礀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀 戀攀挀漀洀攀猀 攀砀挀攀猀猀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀 愀渀搀 攀渀攀爀最礀 氀攀瘀攀氀猀 愀爀攀 
balanced with each other, the whole system is said to be stable, be efficient,਀栀愀瘀攀 氀漀渀最攀瘀椀琀礀 愀渀搀 戀攀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 最爀漀眀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 漀甀爀 搀攀昀椀渀椀琀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>ion of Taichi. Water and energy grow (into the system) and diminish (out਀漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⤀ 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀一漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 愀氀氀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> Yin and Yang affect each other਀愀渀搀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'>they </span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>also਀搀攀瀀攀渀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀⸀ 吀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀礀 昀漀爀洀 甀渀椀琀礀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀猀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 
level of the holistic nature.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h3><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Viscous Cycle</span></h3>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>To be਀搀椀猀挀甀猀猀攀搀 椀渀 漀甀爀 昀甀琀甀爀攀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 眀漀爀欀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㌀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀吀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀㨀 
</span></h3>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䘀椀最甀爀攀 㠀 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀猀 眀栀攀渀 琀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀 
is introduced into the system. That could be done by allowing the temperature਀漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 琀漀 瘀愀爀礀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 愀 爀愀渀最攀 椀渀猀琀攀愀搀 漀昀 戀攀椀渀最 昀椀砀攀搀 愀琀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-ansi-language:਀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㌀㘀⸀㠀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";਀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-TW'></span><span lang=EN-AU style='font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䘀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 栀甀洀愀渀 戀漀搀礀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 戀攀 戀愀氀愀渀挀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 䄀氀椀瘀攀笀猀氀攀攀瀀 
8h, =, work 12h}=IDEAL BALANCED. However, one can burn a few mid-night oil to਀眀爀椀琀攀 甀瀀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 眀栀椀氀攀 欀攀攀瀀椀渀最 漀渀攀 愀氀椀瘀攀 眀椀琀栀 䄀氀椀瘀攀笀猀氀攀攀瀀 㐀栀Ⰰ ☀氀琀㬀Ⰰ 眀漀爀欀 
16h}=YIN DEFICIENT. This tolerance acts like a stretchable string between Good਀夀椀渀 愀渀搀 䜀漀漀搀 夀愀渀最 椀渀 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 挀栀愀爀琀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1047"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㠀㠀⸀㐀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㠀㘀⸀㐀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image041.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=251 height=115਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㐀㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1047"><![endif]><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1048"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㄀㠀㌀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㠀㈀⸀㠀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image043.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀 眀椀琀栀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=244 height=110਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㐀㐀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1048"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig. 8 The Taichi Yin-Yang systems with਀愀渀搀 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 吀漀氀攀爀愀渀挀攀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㌀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䌀漀渀搀甀挀琀愀渀挀攀⼀爀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀⼀搀攀氀愀礀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'> </span></h3>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀一漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 椀渀 琀栀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀攀 䠀攀愀琀椀渀最 圀愀琀攀爀 洀漀搀攀氀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 
state of Yin or Yang can either be DEFICIENT or EXCESS or (not DEFICIENT &amp;਀渀漀琀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀⤀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀椀猀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀琀礀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 最漀渀攀 漀渀挀攀 眀攀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀攀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 
factor into the system: conductance/resistance/delay. Without resistance,਀椀渀挀爀攀愀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀 氀攀瘀攀氀 眀椀氀氀 昀椀氀氀 甀瀀 琀栀攀 夀䤀一 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀 
may not be able to mix with the COLD water immediately and hence causing YIN਀䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 椀渀 漀渀攀 愀爀攀愀 眀栀椀氀攀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 愀爀攀愀 椀猀 攀砀瀀攀爀椀攀渀挀椀渀最 夀䤀一 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1049"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㈀　㜀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㤀㘀⸀㘀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image045.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀刀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=276 height=129਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㐀㘀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1049"><![endif]><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1050"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㈀　㘀⸀㐀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㤀㘀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image047.jpg"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀眀椀琀栀 爀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=275 height=128਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㐀㠀⸀樀瀀最∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1050"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig.9 The Taichi Yin-Yang systems with਀愀渀搀 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 刀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀㨀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>In our heating water system, water (Yin) evaporates਀琀漀 漀爀 挀漀渀搀攀渀猀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀椀渀最 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
environment. Heat (Yang) is dissipated to or absorbed from the environment as਀眀攀氀氀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀愀琀攀 漀昀 挀栀愀渀最攀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 ⠀䄀⤀ 愀渀搀 
the environment (not A) and the conductance between them.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h2><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Output਀䈀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀㨀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Note that here Yin is the matter and the level can਀戀攀 洀攀愀猀甀爀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 漀甀琀 猀椀最栀琀Ⰰ 栀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 夀愀渀最 椀猀 攀渀攀爀最礀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 戀攀 洀攀愀猀甀爀攀搀 
with our sight and we need the help of some other sensors (matter) to deduct਀琀栀攀 氀攀瘀攀氀 漀昀 夀愀渀最⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The possible static states of a system have been਀猀琀甀搀椀攀搀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 瀀愀瀀攀爀 ⠀圀漀渀最Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀搀⤀ 琀栀攀 刀甀氀攀 漀昀 䌀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀昀 愀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 
Yin-Yang system will be looked at in order to understand the dynamic changes of਀愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀吀攀砀琀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀愀爀最椀渀ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀㈀㠀⸀㠀瀀琀㬀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>New਀猀琀愀琀攀嬀夀椀渀Ⰰ挀漀洀瀀愀爀椀猀漀渀Ⰰ夀愀渀最崀 㴀 伀氀搀 猀琀愀琀攀嬀崀 ⬀ 䤀渀瀀甀琀 猀琀愀琀攀嬀崀 ⴀ 伀甀琀瀀甀琀 猀琀愀琀攀嬀崀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The Good &amp; Evil Yin-Yang chart can now be used to਀猀栀漀眀 琀栀攀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 猀琀愀琀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 攀椀最栀琀 
possible Good states and eight possible Evil states and hence a total of 64਀猀琀愀琀攀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 吀栀攀 猀椀洀瀀氀椀昀椀攀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 椀猀 猀栀漀眀渀 椀渀 䘀椀最甀爀攀 ㄀　⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀一漀爀洀愀氀 愀氀椀最渀㴀挀攀渀琀攀爀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀琀攀砀琀ⴀ愀氀椀最渀㨀挀攀渀琀攀爀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape਀ 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㔀㄀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㌀㜀㤀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㈀㠀㔀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image049.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀愀椀挀栀椀 㔀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=506 height=380਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀　⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1051"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig. 10 The Good &amp; Evil Yin-Yang਀挀栀愀爀琀 漀昀 戀愀猀椀挀 猀琀愀琀攀猀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㌀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䔀砀挀爀攀琀椀漀渀 
<o:p></o:p></span></h3>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀一漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 攀砀挀爀攀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 
and they can be either Good or Evil where Good excretion composes of rubbish਀愀渀搀 䔀瘀椀氀 攀砀挀爀攀琀椀漀渀 挀漀洀瀀漀猀攀猀 漀昀 攀猀猀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀攀 漀昀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 
to a particular input depends on the current behavior of the system, which is਀琀栀攀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 猀琀愀琀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 䤀琀 愀氀猀漀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 椀渀瀀甀琀猀⸀ 伀渀挀攀 
again this is another holistic point of view. Sometimes a special input is਀爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 琀漀 猀琀椀洀甀氀愀琀攀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀 洀漀爀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀琀攀氀礀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀 琀栀攀 
current state of the system, something similar to frequency or impulse response਀椀渀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 琀栀攀漀爀礀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 猀攀琀猀 漀昀 戀攀栀愀瘀椀漀爀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 
BALANCED state, the COLD state, the HOT state, the YIN DEFICIENT state, the਀夀䄀一䜀 䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀 猀琀愀琀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 夀䤀一 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 猀琀愀琀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 夀䄀一䜀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 猀琀愀琀攀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 
will all be discussed in more details in (Wong, 2007d).<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h2><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Input਀䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀㨀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Input to this Heating Water system can be pure heat਀攀渀攀爀最礀Ⰰ 瀀甀爀攀 眀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ 漀爀 眀愀琀攀爀 眀椀琀栀 猀漀洀攀 栀攀愀琀 攀渀攀爀最礀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>All influences must be studied for their nature and਀猀琀爀攀渀最琀栀 椀渀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀渀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 
system accordingly when required. This kind of study allows the use of a combination਀漀昀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀 愀猀 愀 昀漀爀洀甀氀愀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 洀漀猀琀 攀昀昀攀挀琀椀瘀攀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 椀渀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 漀爀 
difficult states.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䄀氀氀 椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀 挀愀渀 漀渀氀礀 愀昀昀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 氀攀瘀攀氀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
four components: Good Yin, Good Yang, Evil Yin and Evil Yang. Input Influences਀愀爀攀 挀氀愀猀猀椀昀椀攀搀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 栀漀眀 琀栀攀礀 愀昀昀攀挀琀 琀栀攀猀攀 昀漀爀 氀攀瘀攀氀猀 愀渀搀 昀漀爀洀 琀栀攀 
COLD-HOT Influence Spectrum, which will all be discussed in more details in (Wong,਀㈀　　㜀搀⤀⸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀䘀椀最甀爀攀 ㄀㄀ 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 戀愀猀椀挀 
classes of influences.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=FigureCaption><span lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1052"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㌀㤀㐀⸀㈀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㄀㈀㐀⸀㈀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image051.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀愀椀挀栀椀 㜀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=526 height=166਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀㈀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1052"><![endif]></span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:਀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀ ㄀㄀ 吀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 戀愀猀椀挀 挀氀愀猀猀攀猀 漀昀 
influences.</span></p>਀ 
<h3><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Feedback਀䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀㨀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㌀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Feedback is intentional or unintentional self਀挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 猀漀洀攀 爀甀氀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀渀 漀爀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 戀攀 挀栀愀渀最攀搀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 爀甀氀攀猀 挀愀渀 
be seen as the &quot;habits&quot; of the system and such systems may be਀挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀攀搀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 ☀焀甀漀琀㬀氀椀昀攀☀焀甀漀琀㬀⸀ 䤀渀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 琀栀攀漀爀礀 猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 眀椀琀栀 
feedback are called closed-loop systems.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<h3><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>Time਀䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀㨀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㌀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The environment changes with time, some are regular਀愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀 愀爀攀 椀爀爀攀最甀氀愀爀⸀ 䘀椀最甀爀攀 ㄀㈀ 猀栀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 猀漀甀爀挀攀 漀昀 䤀渀瀀甀琀 䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀猀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=FigureCaption><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㔀㌀∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:251.4pt;height:79.2pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀㌀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Taichi 9"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㌀㌀㔀 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㄀　㘀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image054.gif"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㔀㌀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀ ㄀㈀ 吀栀攀 匀漀甀爀挀攀猀 漀昀 䤀渀瀀甀琀 䤀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>The complete Taichi Yin-Yang system diagram from an਀漀戀猀攀爀瘀攀爀 瀀漀椀渀琀 漀昀 瘀椀攀眀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 搀攀瘀攀氀漀瀀攀搀 椀渀 漀甀爀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 愀渀搀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 愀爀攀愀猀 
of applications is our ongoing research. It is believed that this is &quot;The਀匀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 䔀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最☀焀甀漀琀㬀 戀甀琀 攀砀琀攀渀猀椀瘀攀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 椀猀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 琀漀 愀瀀瀀氀礀 琀栀椀猀 
structure to different physical, social and biological sciences. Figure 13 shows਀琀栀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 猀琀攀瀀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀ 吀栀攀 
heating water system example in this paper illustrated an application of the Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀攀氀搀 漀昀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀氀攀 䘀椀最甀爀攀 ㄀㐀 愀渀搀 ㄀㔀 猀栀漀眀 
the application in the field of biological science (human health) and social਀猀挀椀攀渀挀攀 ⠀攀挀漀渀漀洀椀挀 猀礀猀琀攀洀⤀ 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀椀瘀攀氀礀⸀ 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䌀漀渀挀氀甀猀椀漀渀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀⠀䄀 甀渀椀漀渀 渀漀琀 䄀⤀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>is</span><span lang=EN-US> the closest਀搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀Ⰰ 圀甀 䌀栀椀⸀ 匀椀洀椀氀愀爀 搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀猀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 
Chinese, Indian and other traditional cultures. Taichi is the goal of a system਀愀渀搀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 挀氀攀愀爀氀礀 搀攀昀椀渀攀搀 愀猀 愀 昀爀愀洀攀 漀昀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 椀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀礀 琀栀攀 
Yin and Yang, and Good and Evil components of a system. Even if the Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀猀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 昀漀爀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀Ⰰ 椀琀猀 
environment is always an integral part of the system. In a way, the environment਀漀昀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀猀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 愀 眀愀礀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀攀渀挀攀 挀愀渀 愀氀猀漀 戀攀 爀攀瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 戀礀 
the Good &amp; Evil Yin-Yang chart. Current state of a system can be COLD/HOT,਀䐀䔀䘀䤀䌀䤀䔀一吀 漀爀 渀漀琀Ⰰ 漀爀 椀渀 䔀堀䌀䔀匀匀 漀爀 渀漀琀⸀ 䠀攀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 椀渀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
64 different states. </span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US>The output behavior of each one of these਀猀琀愀琀攀猀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀椀猀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US> different and hence the input responses are different. The internal਀挀栀愀渀最攀猀 挀愀甀猀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀爀愀挀琀椀漀渀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀猀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 
explored for the last 5000 years in China, and the most important ones include਀琀栀攀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 瘀椀猀挀漀甀猀 挀礀挀氀攀Ⰰ 挀漀渀搀甀挀琀愀渀挀攀⼀爀攀猀椀猀琀愀渀挀攀 搀攀氀愀礀 椀渀 琀爀愀渀猀昀攀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 
tolerance of imbalances. The input influences can be classified into a COLD-HOT਀椀渀昀氀甀攀渀挀攀 猀瀀攀挀琀爀甀洀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 搀攀昀椀渀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 吀愀椀挀栀椀⸀ 䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 椀渀瀀甀琀猀 
can be external factors, necessities, strategies, time or the internal਀昀攀攀搀戀愀挀欀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䘀漀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>llowing the simple 15 simple steps, one can apply the theory to any਀欀椀渀搀 漀昀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 漀渀氀礀 欀攀礀 椀猀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀昀甀氀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
system of interest according to the predicate of each of the Yin, Yang, Good਀愀渀搀 䔀瘀椀氀 挀漀洀瀀漀渀攀渀琀⸀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀愀 渀愀洀攀㴀∀开刀攀昀㄀㜀㌀㔀㄀㄀㔀㌀㤀∀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀䘀甀爀琀栀攀爀 
work</span></a></h1>਀ 
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'>This਀椀猀 洀攀爀攀氀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀⸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span>5000 years of investigation has furt</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀栀攀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀爀 
enhanced the theory. But once this basic structure is understood, one can਀挀漀渀搀甀挀琀 昀甀爀琀栀攀爀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 漀渀 琀栀攀 挀氀愀猀猀椀挀猀 琀漀 攀砀瀀氀漀爀攀 琀栀攀 眀栀漀氀攀 昀椀攀氀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 
theory. More research should be done in this field because of its simplicity,਀攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀挀礀 愀渀搀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀愀氀椀琀礀⸀ 䴀漀搀攀爀渀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀渀攀昀椀琀 瘀攀爀礀 洀甀挀栀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 
help of this ancient theory. Anyone who conducts further research on this਀琀栀攀漀爀礀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀攀 椀渀琀漀 愀 洀愀樀漀爀 戀爀攀愀欀琀栀爀漀甀最栀 椀渀 琀栀攀椀爀 昀椀攀氀搀 漀昀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀⸀ 
Research has also be done and is ongoing in applying the theory to physical਀猀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀 猀甀挀栀 愀猀 琀栀攀 甀渀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 戀愀猀椀挀 昀漀爀挀攀猀 ⠀圀漀渀最Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀挀⤀Ⰰ 猀漀挀椀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀 
such as economics (Wong, 2007c) and meditation (Wong, 2007e), and biological਀猀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀 ⠀圀漀渀最Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀愀⤀ ⠀圀漀渀最Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀戀⤀ ⠀圀漀渀最Ⰰ 吀䈀倀 挀⤀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀栀㄀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀䄀挀欀渀漀眀氀攀搀最洀攀渀琀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀栀㄀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䴀猀漀䈀漀搀礀吀攀砀琀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀㸀圀攀 眀漀甀氀搀 氀椀欀攀 琀漀 琀愀欀攀 琀栀椀猀 漀瀀瀀漀爀琀甀渀椀琀礀 琀漀 
thank our Traditional Chinese Medicine mentor Mr. Philip CHU who inspire us਀眀椀琀栀 吀䌀䴀 愀渀搀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 攀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 攀猀琀愀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 琀栀攀 䜀漀漀搀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 
chart, which is what the research is based on. We would also like to thank Mr਀匀⸀一⸀ 䜀漀攀渀欀愀 愀渀搀 栀椀猀 漀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 琀攀愀挀栀椀渀最 甀猀 琀栀攀 嘀椀瀀愀猀猀愀渀愀 洀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀 
which allows us to think properly and integrate all the theories together.਀䴀漀爀攀漀瘀攀爀Ⰰ㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ唀匀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-US>many thanks to Blue River Creative Studio for revamping the Good਀☀愀洀瀀㬀 䔀瘀椀氀 夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 椀琀 洀漀爀攀 愀瀀瀀攀愀氀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀⸀ 䰀愀猀琀氀礀 
thanks to all our friends and colleagues for all their help.</span></p>਀ 
<h1><span lang=EN-US>References</span></h1>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><a name="_Ref173511536"></a><span lang=EN-AU਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀✀㸀䄀氀 䰀攀栀渀攀渀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䄀渀 
Elementary Introduction to Logic and Set Theory</i>. Accessed at <a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀昀愀挀甀氀琀礀⸀洀愀琀挀洀愀搀椀猀漀渀⸀攀搀甀⼀愀氀攀栀渀攀渀⼀眀攀戀氀漀最椀挀⼀氀漀最猀攀琀⸀栀琀洀⌀唀渀椀漀渀猀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀昀愀挀甀氀琀礀⸀洀愀琀挀洀愀搀椀猀漀渀⸀攀搀甀⼀愀氀攀栀渀攀渀⼀眀攀戀氀漀最椀挀⼀氀漀最猀攀琀⸀栀琀洀⌀唀渀椀漀渀猀㰀⼀愀㸀 
on May 1, 2007.<o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><st1:place w:st="on"><span lang=EN-GB>Bolton</span></st1:place><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀Ⰰ 圀⸀ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㈀⤀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䌀漀渀琀爀漀氀 
engineering. </i>Harlow, <st1:City w:st="on">Essex</st1:City>, <st1:country-region਀眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䔀渀最氀愀渀搀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀㸀 㨀 䰀漀渀最洀愀渀 匀挀椀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 吀攀挀栀渀椀挀愀氀 㬀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">New York</st1:State></st1:place> : Wiley.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU'>Buddha਀⠀㈀㔀　　 䈀䌀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 䐀椀愀洀漀渀搀 倀攀爀昀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 圀椀猀搀漀洀 匀甀琀爀愀⸀ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
 w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>. English version translated਀戀礀 倀愀琀琀漀渀 䌀 椀猀 愀挀挀攀猀猀椀戀氀攀 愀琀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀愀 
href="http://www.abuddhistlibrary.com/Buddhism/C%20-%20Zen/Sutras/The%20Diamond%20Sutra/The%20Diamond%20Perfection%20of%20Wisdom%20Sutra.htm">http://www.abuddhistlibrary.com/Buddhism/C%20-%20Zen/Sutras/The%20Diamond%20Sutra/The%20Diamond%20Perfection%20of%20Wisdom%20Sutra.htm</a></span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀✀㸀 漀渀 䴀愀礀 ㄀Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䈀甀搀搀栀愀最栀漀猀愀Ⰰ 䈀 ⠀㄀㤀㔀㘀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>The Path of Purification.</i> The Corporate਀䈀漀搀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䈀甀搀搀栀愀 䔀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䘀漀甀渀搀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 
 w:st="on">Taiwan</st1:country-region></st1:place>. Accessible at <a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀漀渀氀椀渀攀ⴀ搀栀愀洀洀愀⸀渀攀琀⼀愀渀椀挀挀愀⼀搀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀猀⼀瀀甀爀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀漀渀氀椀渀攀ⴀ搀栀愀洀洀愀⸀渀攀琀⼀愀渀椀挀挀愀⼀搀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀猀⼀瀀甀爀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀⸀瀀搀昀㰀⼀愀㸀 
<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'></span>on May 1, 2007.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'>Chu, B F਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times'>&#26417;&#37030;&#24489;</span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:਀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀✀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㜀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䜀攀渀攀琀椀挀 搀椀挀琀椀漀渀愀爀礀 漀昀 
Chinese characters </i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times'>&#12298;&#28450;&#23383;&#22522;&#22240;&#23383;&#20856;&#12299;</span></i><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU'>.</span></i><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'> Accessed਀愀琀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀愀 
href="http://www.cbflabs.com/book/dic/hanzijiyin2/a0.htm">http://www.cbflabs.com/book/dic/hanzijiyin2/a0.htm</a>਀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀漀渀 䴀愀礀 ㄀Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Confucius (479 BC). <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:਀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䌀漀渀昀甀猀椀漀渀猀 吀攀渀 圀椀渀最猀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN'> </span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀猀栀椀礀椀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀 
normal'><span style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:਀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀㄀㌀㄀㌀㬀☀⌀㌀㈀㜀㘀㐀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀 
normal'><span lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'>. </span></i><span lang=EN਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀䌀栀椀渀愀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:਀吀椀洀攀猀✀㸀☀⌀㄀㈀㈀㤀㠀㬀☀⌀㌀㄀㤀㤀㔀㬀☀⌀㌀㘀㜀㠀㄀㬀☀⌀㄀㤀㤀㜀㠀㬀☀⌀㈀　㘀㔀㤀㬀☀⌀㄀㈀㈀㤀㤀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:਀吀椀洀攀猀✀㸀☀⌀㈀㘀㌀㔀㈀㬀☀⌀㘀㔀㌀　㘀㬀☀⌀㄀㈀㌀　　㬀☀⌀㄀㤀㤀㘀㠀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㄀㈀㬀☀⌀㄀㤀㤀㘀㠀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㈀㔀㬀☀⌀㌀㔀㔀㠀㘀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㐀㌀㬀☀⌀㌀㘀㤀㐀㜀㬀☀⌀㄀㈀㌀　㄀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'>. </span><span lang=EN-GB>Accessible਀愀琀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'><a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀甀猀栀愀渀琀愀渀最⸀挀漀洀⼀㐀　　　⼀　㈀⼀瀀㈀　㐀㜀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀甀猀栀愀渀琀愀渀最⸀挀漀洀⼀㐀　　　⼀　㈀⼀瀀㈀　㐀㜀⸀栀琀洀氀㰀⼀愀㸀Ⰰ 
</span><span lang=EN-GB>on May 1, 2007.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Feynman R. (1985). <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:਀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀儀䔀䐀㨀 吀栀攀 匀琀爀愀渀最攀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 漀昀 䰀椀最栀琀 愀渀搀 䴀愀琀琀攀爀⸀㰀⼀椀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀倀爀椀渀挀攀琀漀渀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType> <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City਀ 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀倀爀攀猀猀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀䌀椀琀礀㸀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀唀匀䄀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN'> </span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀䘀甀堀椀 匀栀椀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:Times;mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀　㈀㌀㤀㬀☀⌀㌀㈀㘀㤀　㬀☀⌀㈀㜀㘀㘀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>.</span><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-fareast-language:਀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀⠀㄀㄀㈀㈀ 䈀䌀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䤀 
Ching.</i> <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">China</st1:country-region></st1:place>.਀䄀挀挀攀猀猀椀戀氀攀 愀琀 㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀昀瀀挀⸀愀猀猀漀⸀昀爀⼀眀攀渀最甀⼀眀最⼀眀攀渀最甀⸀瀀栀瀀㼀氀㴀夀椀樀椀渀最☀愀洀瀀㬀渀漀㴀　∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀愀昀瀀挀⸀愀猀猀漀⸀昀爀⼀眀攀渀最甀⼀眀最⼀眀攀渀最甀⸀瀀栀瀀㼀氀㴀夀椀樀椀渀最☀愀洀瀀㬀渀漀㴀　㰀⼀愀㸀Ⰰ 
on May 1, 2007.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Gou, A. (1999). </span><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-hansi-font-family:Times'>&#40644;&#24093;&#20839;&#32463;&#32032;&#38382;&#26657;&#27880;&#35821;&#35793;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀 䠀甀愀渀最搀椀 一攀椀樀椀渀最 匀甀眀攀渀 䨀椀愀漀 娀栀甀 夀甀 夀椀 ⠀夀攀氀氀漀眀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀✀猀 䤀渀渀攀爀 
Classic: Plain Questions ?Critically Compared, Annotated and Translated) ISBN਀㜀ⴀ㔀㌀　㠀ⴀ㈀㄀㄀㐀ⴀ㠀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀 吀椀愀渀樀椀渀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀 愀渀搀 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最礀 
Press, Tianjin, China. </span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Hawking, S. (2001). <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:਀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀吀栀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀攀 椀渀 愀 一甀琀猀栀攀氀氀⸀ 㰀⼀椀㸀䤀匀䈀一 　㔀㤀㌀ 　㐀㠀㄀㔀㘀Ⰰ 吀爀愀渀猀眀漀爀氀搀 
publishers, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>HuangDi </span><span lang=ZH-CN਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㐀　㘀㐀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀㐀　㤀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-GB> (206BC- 25AD). <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Huang Di Nei਀䨀椀渀最 ⠀吀栀攀 夀攀氀氀漀眀 䔀洀瀀攀爀漀爀✀猀 䌀氀愀猀猀椀挀 漀昀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀氀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Also਀愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 愀琀 㰀愀 
href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/reader/0520021584/ref=sib_rdr_fc?ie=UTF8&amp;p=S001&amp;j=0#reader-page">http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/reader/0520021584/ref=sib_rdr_fc?ie=UTF8&amp;p=S001&amp;j=0#reader-page</a>਀漀渀 䴀愀礀 ㄀Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀✀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀✀㸀䤀匀匀匀⸀ 
(2007). </span><a name="the_primer_project"><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀吀䠀䔀 倀刀䤀䴀䔀刀 倀刀伀䨀䔀䌀吀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-bookmark:the_primer_project'></span><span lang=EN style='mso-fareast-font-family:਀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀⸀ 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀Ⰰ 
</span><span lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'><a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀⼀瀀爀椀洀攀爀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀瀀爀漀樀攀挀琀猀⼀瀀爀椀洀攀爀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN style='mso-fareast-font-family:PMingLiU;mso-ansi-language:EN'>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Johnson, D. L. (1998). <i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䔀氀攀洀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 氀漀最椀挀 瘀椀愀 渀甀洀戀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 猀攀琀猀⸀㰀⼀椀㸀 
Springer, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">USA</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Kaptchuk, T. (2000) The web that has no਀眀攀愀瘀攀爀㨀 唀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀⸀ 䴀挀䜀爀愀眀ⴀ䠀椀氀氀 倀爀漀昀攀猀猀椀漀渀愀氀Ⰰ 
ISBN:0809228408</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Laozi, Lao Tse (590 BC). <i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀吀愀漀 吀攀 䌀栀椀渀最⸀㰀⼀椀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
 w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Accessible at <a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀琀栀攀琀愀漀⸀椀渀昀漀⼀攀渀最氀椀猀栀⼀攀渀最氀椀猀栀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀琀栀攀琀愀漀⸀椀渀昀漀⼀攀渀最氀椀猀栀⼀攀渀最氀椀猀栀⸀栀琀洀㰀⼀愀㸀Ⰰ 
<a href="http://afpc.asso.fr/wengu/wg/wengu.php?l=Daodejing&amp;no=0">http://afpc.asso.fr/wengu/wg/wengu.php?l=Daodejing&amp;no=0</a>਀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀漀渀 䴀愀礀 ㄀Ⰰ ㈀　　㜀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀倀攀爀爀漀琀Ⰰ 倀⸀ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㠀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀 
normal'>A to Z of Thermodynamics.</i> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Oxford</st1:PlaceName>਀㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀㸀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䤀匀䈀一 　ⴀ㄀㤀ⴀ㠀㔀㘀㔀㔀㈀ⴀ㘀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:place>.<span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一✀㸀圀椀猀攀洀愀渀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-GB> N., </span><span lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'>Mitchell</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀 䌀⸀Ⰰ 䘀攀渀最 夀⸀ ⠀㈀　　　⤀⸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ猀瀀愀挀攀爀甀渀㨀礀攀猀✀㸀㼀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'>Shang਀䠀愀渀 䰀甀渀 ⠀伀渀 䌀漀氀搀 䐀愀洀愀最攀⤀Ⰰ 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 ☀愀洀瀀㬀 䌀漀洀洀攀渀琀愀爀椀攀猀 戀礀 娀栀漀渀最樀椀渀最 娀栀愀渀最⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN style='mso-ansi-language:EN'> Blue Poppy <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City਀ 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀倀爀攀猀猀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀䌀椀琀礀㸀 Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 
  style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>China</span></st1:country-region></st1:place><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀✀㸀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀圀椀氀攀Ⰰ 䐀⸀ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㔀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀 
normal'>Lost T'ai-chi Classics from the Late Ch'ing Dynasty (Chinese Philosophy਀愀渀搀 䌀甀氀琀甀爀攀⤀㰀⼀椀㸀⸀ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀匀琀愀琀攀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀 
w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">New਀  夀漀爀欀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀匀琀愀琀攀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀 倀爀攀猀猀⸀ 䤀匀䈀一 㤀㜀㠀ⴀ　㜀㤀㄀㐀㈀㘀㔀㐀㠀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others.਀⠀㈀　　㔀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䐀椀攀琀 
- the food dictionary </i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span਀氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>&#20013;&#37291;&#39135;&#30274;&#23383;&#20856;</span></i><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>, </span><span lang=EN-GB>ISBN਀㤀㜀㠀ⴀ㤀㠀㠀ⴀ㤀㠀㔀ⴀ㠀㘀㔀ⴀ　Ⰰ㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀 䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀 䈀愀氀愀渀挀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 
Education Center, Hong Kong.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others (2006). The਀琀爀攀愀琀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 昀氀甀 椀渀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䠀漀渀最 䬀漀渀最㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀 眀椀琀栀 
ephedra related classical Traditional Chinese Medicine formulae </span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times'>&#40635;&#40643;&#39006;&#32147;&#26041;</span><span lang=ZH-CN਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>&#22312;&#39321;&#28207;</span><span਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times'>&#27835;&#30274;&#29694;&#20195;&#27969;&#24863;</span><span lang=ZH-CN਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>&#30340;&#25105;&#35211;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㈀　　㘀 ⠀䠀漀渀最 䬀漀渀最⤀ 
International conference of TCM healthcare and treatment on respiratory disease਀㈀　　㘀⠀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:Times'>&#39321;&#28207;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:਀吀椀洀攀猀✀㸀☀⌀㈀㈀㈀㠀㌀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㔀㔀㔀㬀☀⌀㈀　　㄀㌀㬀☀⌀㌀㜀㈀㤀㄀㬀☀⌀㌀㠀㐀㔀　㬀☀⌀㈀㜀㠀㌀㔀㬀☀⌀㈀㜀㤀㘀㤀㬀☀⌀㈀㐀㠀㘀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀㌀㐀㄀㘀㬀☀⌀㌀㐀㠀㤀㤀㬀☀⌀㈀　㄀㌀㈀㬀☀⌀㈀㜀㤀㘀㤀㬀☀⌀㈀㈀㠀㈀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀㘀㌀㜀㄀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'> </span></i><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-hansi-font-family:Times'>&#21628;&#21560;&#31995;&#32113;&#30142;&#30149;&#23416;&#34899;&#30740;&#35342;&#26371;</span></i><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU'>, Hong Kong Chinese Medical Journal 1(2):34-37, </span></i><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀✀㸀䠀漀渀最 䬀漀渀最⸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀圀漀渀最Ⰰ 吀⸀匀⸀䰀⸀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀猀⸀ 
(2007a)</span><span lang=EN-AU style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ansi-language:਀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀⸀ 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀吀栀攀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 氀漀最椀挀 漀昀 
the TCM Differential Diagnostic Process</span><span lang=EN-GB਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀倀䴀椀渀最䰀椀唀✀㸀Ⰰ㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>?</span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>AACMAC਀䈀爀椀猀戀愀渀攀 ㈀　　㜀 䄀甀猀琀爀愀氀愀猀椀愀渀 䄀挀甀瀀甀渀挀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 洀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 㰀⼀椀㸀䄀䄀䌀䴀䄀Ⰰ 
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others.਀⠀㈀　　㜀戀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>.</span><span lang=EN-GB> Traditional Chinese਀䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 愀渀搀 圀攀猀琀攀爀渀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 倀爀愀挀琀椀琀椀漀渀攀爀猀 䘀椀最栀琀 吀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 䄀最愀椀渀猀琀 䠀㔀一㄀⸀㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> AACMAC Brisbane 2007 Australasian਀䄀挀甀瀀甀渀挀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 洀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ㰀⼀椀㸀 䄀䄀䌀䴀䄀Ⰰ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region></st1:place>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others.਀⠀㈀　　㜀挀⤀⸀ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Balance</st1:PlaceName>਀㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䔀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Center</st1:PlaceType> Collection of papers ISBN</i> <i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㤀㠀㠀ⴀ㤀㠀㔀㠀㘀ⴀ㌀ⴀ　Ⰰ㰀⼀椀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 
<st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Balance</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Medicine</st1:PlaceName>਀㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䔀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䌀攀渀琀攀爀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀吀礀瀀攀㸀Ⰰ 
<st1:place w:st="on">Hong Kong</st1:place>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others.਀⠀㈀　　㜀搀⤀⸀ 伀瘀攀爀ⴀ挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 瘀猀 爀攀最甀氀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 
Differential Diagnosis-Cure process ?the aim of control, the aim of life. <i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 㔀㄀猀琀 䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䴀攀攀琀椀渀最 漀昀 
the ISSS</i>, <a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀⸀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀瀀栀瀀⼀瀀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀㔀㄀猀琀⼀椀猀猀甀攀⼀挀甀爀爀攀渀琀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀⸀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀瀀栀瀀⼀瀀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀㔀㄀猀琀⼀椀猀猀甀攀⼀挀甀爀爀攀渀琀㰀⼀愀㸀⸀ 
</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others.਀⠀㈀　　㜀攀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 愀渀搀 䌀漀渀琀爀漀氀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 椀渀 琀栀攀 嘀椀瀀愀猀猀愀渀愀 䴀攀搀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 一漀戀氀攀 
Eightfold Path as taught by Buddha -understanding meditation with the Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 琀攀爀洀椀渀漀氀漀最椀攀猀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 
of the 51st Annual Meeting of the ISSS</i>, <a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀⸀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀瀀栀瀀⼀瀀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀㔀㄀猀琀⼀椀猀猀甀攀⼀挀甀爀爀攀渀琀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀⸀椀猀猀猀⸀漀爀最⼀椀渀搀攀砀⸀瀀栀瀀⼀瀀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀㔀㄀猀琀⼀椀猀猀甀攀⼀挀甀爀爀攀渀琀㰀⼀愀㸀⸀ 
</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others. (TBP਀愀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 䤀渀琀攀最爀愀琀攀搀 䌀漀渀琀爀漀氀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 漀昀 匀甀戀ⴀ猀礀猀琀攀洀猀 ⴀ琀栀攀 挀漀栀攀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 圀漀漀搀 
Fire Earth Metal Water components. To be published.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-GB>Wong, T.S.L., and others. (TBP਀戀⤀⸀ 㰀椀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀吀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀栀椀渀攀猀攀 䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀 䔀砀攀爀挀椀猀攀 
Therapy ?the Taichi Fully Open &amp; Close exercise,</i> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Ancient</st1:PlaceName>਀㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䈀愀氀愀渀挀攀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 㰀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀倀氀愀挀攀一愀洀攀㸀 
<st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Education</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Center</st1:PlaceType>,਀㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䠀漀渀最 䬀漀渀最㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀圀漀渀最Ⰰ 吀⸀匀⸀䰀⸀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀猀⸀ 
(TBP c). Traditional Chinese Medicine and Bio-Resonance - the Yin and Yang਀䴀攀搀椀挀椀渀攀⸀ 吀漀 戀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀刀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀漀氀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀娀栀愀渀最 娀⸀䨀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 
style='font-family:SimSun;mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:਀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀㐀㌀㜀㌀㬀☀⌀㈀　㈀㄀　㬀☀⌀㈀㘀㈀㈀㌀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> (0</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀㈀㄀㤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>).</span><span lang=EN-AU> </span><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀匀栀愀渀最栀愀渀 娀愀戀椀渀最 氀甀渀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀椀 
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:SimSun;਀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-CN'>&#20663;&#23506;&#38620;&#30149;&#35542;</span></i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:਀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 
ZH-CN'> </span><span lang=EN-GB>(Discourse on Fevers and Miscellaneous਀䤀氀氀渀攀猀猀攀猀⤀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀⸀ 㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀 
 w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>.</span></p>਀ 
<p class=Referenceold><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU'>Zhow D </span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ愀猀挀椀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀吀椀洀攀猀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ栀愀渀猀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
Times;mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>&#21608;&#25958;&#38948;</span><span਀氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀⸀ ⠀㄀　㜀㈀⤀⸀ 
<i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>The discussion of Taichi diagrams </i></span><i਀猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀琀礀氀攀㨀渀漀爀洀愀氀✀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀匀椀洀匀甀渀㬀 
mso-ascii-font-family:Times;mso-hansi-font-family:Times;mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ䌀一✀㸀☀⌀㈀㈀㠀㈀㘀㬀☀⌀㈀㘀㤀㤀㜀㬀☀⌀㈀㈀㈀㤀㐀㬀☀⌀㌀㔀㐀㤀㠀㬀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀椀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 
lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>, <st1:place਀眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀㰀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀 眀㨀猀琀㴀∀漀渀∀㸀䌀栀椀渀愀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀ⴀ爀攀最椀漀渀㸀㰀⼀猀琀㄀㨀瀀氀愀挀攀㸀⸀ 
</span><span lang=EN-GB>Accessible<a਀栀爀攀昀㴀∀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀琀愀漀椀猀洀⸀漀爀最⸀栀欀⼀琀愀漀椀猀琀ⴀ戀攀氀椀攀昀猀⼀礀椀渀ⴀ礀愀渀最☀愀洀瀀㬀琀栀攀ⴀ猀甀瀀爀攀洀攀ⴀ甀氀琀椀洀愀琀攀⼀瀀最㈀ⴀ㌀ⴀ㈀ⴀ㈀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀琀愀漀椀猀洀⸀漀爀最⸀栀欀⼀琀愀漀椀猀琀ⴀ戀攀氀椀攀昀猀⼀礀椀渀ⴀ礀愀渀最☀愀洀瀀㬀琀栀攀ⴀ猀甀瀀爀攀洀攀ⴀ甀氀琀椀洀愀琀攀⼀瀀最㈀ⴀ㌀ⴀ㈀ⴀ㈀⸀栀琀洀㰀⼀愀㸀Ⰰ 
on May 1, 2007.</span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
</div>਀ 
<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-AU style='font-size:12.0pt;਀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ猀椀稀攀㨀㠀⸀　瀀琀㬀昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀∀吀椀洀攀猀 一攀眀 刀漀洀愀渀∀㬀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ昀漀渀琀ⴀ昀愀洀椀氀礀㨀 
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW;਀洀猀漀ⴀ戀椀搀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䄀刀ⴀ匀䄀✀㸀㰀戀爀 挀氀攀愀爀㴀愀氀氀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀瀀愀最攀ⴀ戀爀攀愀欀ⴀ戀攀昀漀爀攀㨀愀氀眀愀礀猀㬀 
mso-break-type:section-break'>਀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀戀㸀 
਀㰀搀椀瘀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀匀攀挀琀椀漀渀㈀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1054"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㌀㤀㌀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㘀㘀㔀⸀㐀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image055.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀愀椀挀栀椀 ㄀㌀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=524 height=887਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀㘀⸀最椀昀∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1054"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig.13 The Application of the Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 匀琀攀瀀 ㄀ⴀ㄀㔀 㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1055"਀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀⌀开砀　　　　开琀㜀㔀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀眀椀搀琀栀㨀㔀㄀㈀⸀㐀瀀琀㬀栀攀椀最栀琀㨀㌀㄀㤀⸀㈀瀀琀✀㸀 
 <v:imagedata src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image057.png"਀  漀㨀琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀吀愀椀挀栀椀 ㄀㔀∀⼀㸀 
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=683 height=426਀猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀㠀⸀樀瀀最∀ 
v:shapes="_x0000_i1055"><![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=figuretitle><span lang=EN-GB>Fig. 14 The application of the Taichi਀夀椀渀ⴀ夀愀渀最 猀礀猀琀攀洀 漀渀 栀甀洀愀渀 栀攀愀氀琀栀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 ⠀戀椀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 猀挀椀攀渀挀攀⤀⸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀䘀椀最甀爀攀䌀愀瀀琀椀漀渀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀✀洀猀漀ⴀ愀渀猀椀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀㬀 
mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>਀ 
<p class=FigureCaption><span lang=EN-AU style='mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;਀洀猀漀ⴀ昀愀爀攀愀猀琀ⴀ氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀娀䠀ⴀ吀圀✀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ嬀椀昀 最琀攀 瘀洀氀 ㄀崀㸀㰀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀 椀搀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㔀㘀∀ 
 type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:511.8pt;height:319.2pt'>਀ 㰀瘀㨀椀洀愀最攀搀愀琀愀 猀爀挀㴀∀䤀匀匀匀㈀　　㜀ⴀ倀愀瀀攀爀─㈀　䴀攀琀栀漀搀漀氀漀最礀─㈀　愀渀挀椀攀渀琀─㈀　洀漀搀攀爀渀开昀椀氀攀猀⼀椀洀愀最攀　㔀㤀⸀瀀渀最∀ 
  o:title="Taichi 16"/>਀㰀⼀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀ⴀⴀ㸀㰀℀嬀椀昀 ℀瘀洀氀崀㸀㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀　 眀椀搀琀栀㴀㘀㠀㈀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀㐀㈀㘀 
src="ISSS2007-Paper%20Methodology%20ancient%20modern_files/image060.jpg"਀瘀㨀猀栀愀瀀攀猀㴀∀开砀　　　　开椀㄀　㔀㘀∀㸀㰀℀嬀攀渀搀椀昀崀㸀㰀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀漀㨀瀀㸀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀 
਀㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀昀椀最甀爀攀琀椀琀氀攀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䜀䈀㸀䘀椀最⸀ ㄀㔀 吀栀攀 愀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 吀愀椀挀栀椀 
Yin-Yang system on Economic system (social science)</span></p>਀ 
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<p class=MsoFootnoteText style='text-indent:0cm'><a style='mso-footnote-id:਀昀琀渀㄀✀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀开昀琀渀爀攀昀㄀∀ 渀愀洀攀㴀∀开昀琀渀㄀∀ 琀椀琀氀攀㴀∀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 氀愀渀最㴀䔀一ⴀ䄀唀 
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